Evaluation of a rapid one-step immunochromatographic test and two immunoenzymatic assays for the detection of anti-Treponema pallidum antibodies
- L van Dommelen1,
- A Smismans1,
- V J Goossens1,
- J Damoiseaux3,
- C A Bruggeman1,
- F H van Tiel1,
- C J P A Hoebe1,2
- 1Medical Microbiology, Maastricht Infection Centre, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- 2Department of Infectious Diseases, South Limburg Municipal Public Health Service, Heerlen, The Netherlands
- 3Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- L van Dommelen, Medical Microbiology, Maastricht Infection Centre, University Hospital Maastricht, PO Box 5800, 6200 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands; Lvdo{at}lmib.azm.nl
- Accepted 14 January 2008
- Published Online First 23 January 2008
Abstract
Background: The control of syphilis depends on screening of the population at risk and is usually performed using the Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TPPA). Outside Europe the rapid plasma reagin test (RPR) or venereal disease research laboratory test is most often used for screening purposes. Because of the drawbacks in current diagnostic procedures, ie, long turnaround time, the need is felt for a rapid and simple test that can potentially be performed on whole blood.
Objective and study design: In this study a one-step immunochromatographic test (Biorapid Syphilis) and two ELISA, the Bioelisa Syphilis 3.0 and ETI-Treponema Plus, were evaluated.
Methods: Serum samples were collected between February 2000 and May 2006 at the University Hospital in Maastricht, The Netherlands. 145 TPPA-positive sera, confirmed by fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-Abs, treponemal test) and/or RPR (non-treponemal) were included. Furthermore, 41 sera from healthy controls and 144 TPPA-negative sera from controls with underlying conditions that might interfere with T pallidum serology were collected.
Results: The sensitivity and specificity of the Biorapid Syphilis, Bioelisa Syphilis 3.0 and ETI-Treponema Plus were 92% and 79%, 100% and 100% and 100% and 100%, respectively, with our selected sera.
Conclusions: The performance of both ELISA was excellent in our study and is favoured over the TPPA because of its ability to be run on an automated system. The sensitivity and specificity of the Biorapid Syphilis were considered too low to implement the test in a hospital laboratory in a developed country but it might be useful in primary healthcare settings in developing countries.
Footnotes
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Competing interests: None declared.
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Ethics approval: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the University Hospital, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Contributors: LvD wrote the initial draft, participated in the study design with AS and VJG and did the statistical analysis. CJPAH played a key role in collecting materials and drafting the manuscript. FHvT and CAB were responsible for obtaining the free sample kits and contributed equally to writing the article. JD was important in collecting samples and reviewed the article. All authors participated in the set up of the study and the evaluation of the results. They all gave comments and suggestions.
