Table 3 Determinants of parents reported as deceased at round 1 being reported as alive at a later round, Manicaland census data (1998–2005)
| Determinants | Maternal orphans | Paternal orphans | ||||||
| % | No | OR (95% CI) | p Value | % | No | OR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Type of orphan | ||||||||
| Not a double orphan | 35.4 | 113 | 1 | 0.631 | 11.9 | 607 | 1 | 0.002 |
| Double orphan | 32.1 | 78 | 0.86 (0.47 to 1.59) | 24.7 | 73 | 2.43 (1.35 to 4.39) | ||
| Sex of child | ||||||||
| Male child | 34.6 | 110 | 1 | 0.686 | 13.8 | 347 | 1 | 0.709 |
| Female child | 31.8 | 88 | 0.88 (0.47 to 1.61) | 12.9 | 342 | 0.92 (0.59 to 1.43) | ||
| Age of child | ||||||||
| 0–3 years | 47.6 | 21 | 1 | 0.025 | 19.0 | 79 | 1 | 0.174 |
| 4–7 years | 42.2 | 19 | 0.80 (0.28 to 2.30) | 14.7 | 191 | 0.73 (0.37 to 1.47) | ||
| 8–11 years | 32.7 | 33 | 0.53 (0.20 to 1.40) | 12.8 | 329 | 0.62 (0.33 to 1.20) | ||
| 12–15 years | 12.9 | 4 | 0.16 (0.04 to 0.71) | 7.8 | 90 | 0.36 (0.14 to 0.95) | ||
| Poverty quintile | ||||||||
| 1st (poorest) | 15.6 | 32 | 1 | 0.134 | 11.1 | 135 | 1 | 0.736 |
| 2nd | 41.2 | 34 | 3.78 (1.10 to 12.97) | 11.9 | 126 | 1.08 (0.50 to 2.32) | ||
| 3rd | 28.6 | 56 | 2.16 (0.69 to 6.72) | 15.3 | 176 | 1.45 (0.74 to 2.86) | ||
| 4th | 40.5 | 37 | 3.68 (1.10 to 12.38) | 15.0 | 127 | 1.41 (0.68 to 2.91) | ||
| 5th (richest) | 36.1 | 36 | 3.05 (0.91 to 10.27) | 11.7 | 120 | 1.06 (0.49 to 2.29) | ||
| Type of location | ||||||||
| Subsistence farming area | 22.3 | 94 | 1 | 0.009 | 14.1 | 320 | 1 | 0.030 |
| Roadside trading settlement | 41.5 | 41 | 2.46 (1.10 to 5.52) | 10.7 | 168 | 0.73 (0.41 to 1.31) | ||
| Agricultural estate | 48.9 | 47 | 3.33 (1.52 to 7.28) | 19.4 | 129 | 1.47 (0.86 to 2.52) | ||
| Commercial centre | 31.3 | 16 | 1.58 (0.49 to 5.10) | 5.6 | 72 | 0.36 (0.12 to 1.04) | ||
| Checked birth certificate | ||||||||
| All three rounds | 31.1 | 35 | 1 | 0.787 | 10.3 | 156 | 1 | 0.302 |
| At least one round | 36.5 | 104 | 0.97 (0.44 to 2.16) | 14.3 | 435 | 1.45 (0.81 to 2.61) | ||
| No rounds | 30.3 | 33 | 0.74 (0.27 to 2.04) | 13.2 | 68 | 1.34 (0.56 to 3.12) | ||
