Role of widows in the heterosexual transmission of HIV in Manicaland, Zimbabwe, 1998–2003

Table 4 Mortality rates by marital status at baseline, controlling for age and HIV status

Marital status at baseline	N	Deaths	Rate (per 1000 patient-years)	RR adjusted for age	RR adjusted for age and HIV status
Men
Presently widowed	30	11	95.2 (52.7 to 172)	3.1 (1.6 to 5.7)	1.8 (1.0 to 3.3)
Presently divorced	105	17	44.8 (27.8 to 72.1)	2.0 (1.2 to 3.4)	1.8 (1.1 to 3.0)
Presently separated	28	1	9.4 (1.3 to 66.7)	0.5 (0.1 to 3.8)	0.5 (0.1 to 3.7)
Presently in union	1374	114	22.7 (18.9 to 27.2)	1	1
Never married, ever had sex	1200	30	6.3 (4.4 to 9.0)	0.8 (0.5 to 1.3)	0.9 (0.6 to 1.5)
Never married, never had sex	587	7	3.3 (1.6 to 6.9)	0.5 (0.2 to 1.4)	0.8 (0.3 to 2.1)

Women
Presently widowed	371	45	38.7 (28.9 to 51.8)	3.1 (2.1 to 4.4)	1.6 (1.1 to 2.3)
Presently divorced	363	35	28.7 (20.6 to 40)	2.6 (1.7 to 3.8)	1.4 (0.9 to 2.0)
Presently separated	168	12	21.3 (12.1 to 37.5)	2.0 (1.1 to 3.6)	1.3 (0.7 to 2.4)
Presently in union	2611	96	11 (9.0 to 13.4)	1	1
Never married, ever had sex	289	19	19 (12.1 to 29.8)	2.2 (1.3 to 3.8)	1.8 (1.1 to 2.9)
Never married, never had sex	867	12	4.1 (2.3 to 7.2)	0.8 (0.4 to 1.7)	1.3 (0.6 to 2.9)