Objectives Prevention fatigue, relapse into unsafe sex practices and sexual behaviour changes have been reported in the community of men who have sex with men (MSM) since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Engaging in a relationship with a seroconcordant partner is perceived by some HIV-positive MSM as an alternative prevention strategy to consistent condom use. This study addresses whether underlying clinical factors exist characterising HIV-positive MSM in seroconcordant stable partnerships, enrolled in the French national cross-sectional survey VESPA ANRS EN-12.

Methods The study group comprised 322 HIV-positive MSM in stable relationships for more than 12 months, with a serodiscordant (n=251) or seroconcordant (n=71) steady partner. Clinical and psychosocial factors were analysed for HIV-positive MSM with a seroconcordant steady partner.

Results Multiple adjustment by logistic regression showed that individuals with a seroconcordant steady partner were more likely to have a history of an AIDS-defining event (OR 95% CI 2.0 (1.1 to 3.7), p=0.02) or be diagnosed as HIV positive before 1990 (OR 95% CI 2.2 (1.3 to 3.9), p=0.004). Conversely, HIV-positive MSM experiencing virological success (ie, high treatment adherence and an undetectable viral load) were more likely to have a serodiscordant steady partner (OR 95% CI 0.5 (0.3 to 0.9), p=0.02).

Conclusions Longitudinal studies are required to understand to what extent HIV history might influence partnership choices among HIV-positive MSM. Positive prevention programmes and reinforcement of treatment adherence strategies are needed for this population and their steady sexual partners.