Sexual behaviour related adverse health burden, United States, 1998
| Attributable to sex (%) | Incidence (rounded to the nearest 100) | Number of deaths | Disability adjusted life years (DALY) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *These conditions include events attributed to adverse effects of unprotected sex and not necessarily attributed to sexually transmitted infections or their sequelae. All other conditions are attributed to infections and their sequelae. | |||||
| †Not included in the number of women with HPV. | |||||
| ‡Chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. | |||||
| §Acute conditions. | |||||
| ¶Koran et al.6 | |||||
| ††Based on age specific rates of unintendeness of pregnancy (Henshaw7) and includes effects on both mother and child. | |||||
| ‡‡Abortions performed for medically not indicated reasons are attributed as adverse effects of sexual behaviour. | |||||
| **Allocated to pregnancy outcome. | |||||
| §§Based on natural history of gonorrhoea and chlamydia (Murry and Lopez2). | |||||
| ¶¶Parameters are inadequate to compute DALYs. | |||||
| Female (population: 135 474 000) | |||||
| Curable diseases and their sequelae: | |||||
| Chlamydia | 100 | 2 511 200 | 0 | 10 381 | |
| Gonorrhoea | 100 | 321 300 | 4 | 1326 | |
| Trichomoniasis | 100 | 2 600 000 | 0 | 10 266 | |
| Syphilis | 100 | 33 100 | 48 | 790 | |
| Other curable STDs | 100 | 200 | 0 | 90 | |
| PID | 65 | 429 300 | 165 | 2136 | |
| Infertility | 10 | 598 000 | 0 | 843 747 | |
| Viral diseases and their sequelae: | |||||
| Genital herpes | 100 | 586 300 | 0 | 9941 | |
| HPV | 100 | 3 245 000 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cervical cancer | 100 | 12 700† | 4921 | 59 418 | |
| Hepatitis B virus | 33‡, 58§ | 53 300 | 381 | 146 387 | |
| Hepatitis C virus | 9‡, 20§ | 3800 | 288 | 10 131 | |
| HIV | 57¶ | 8200 | 4234 | 110 019 | |
| Pregnancy related: | |||||
| Pregnancy outcome* | †† | 615 200 | 107 | 20 321 | |
| Elective abortions* | 94‡‡ | 1 298 000 | ** | ¶¶ | |
| Total | 12 315 600 | 10 148 | 1 224 953 | ||
| Male (population: 129 810 000) | |||||
| Curable diseases and their sequelae | |||||
| Chlamydia | 100 | 489 200 | 0 | 2026 | |
| Gonorrhoea | 100 | 329 000 | 2 | 1352 | |
| Trichomoniasis | 100 | 2 400 000 | 0 | 9445 | |
| Syphilis | 100 | 37 000 | 84 | 1598 | |
| Other curable STDs | 100 | 200 | 4 | 120 | |
| Urethral stricture | §§ | 23 400 | 0 | 209 | |
| Epididymitis | §§ | 49 700 | 0 | 444 | |
| Infertility | §§ | 7500 | 0 | 15 336 | |
| Viral diseases and their sequelae: | |||||
| Genital herpes | 100 | 413 700 | 0 | 7014 | |
| HPV | 100 | 2 255 000 | 0 | 0 | |
| Hepatitis B virus | 33‡, 58§ | 1 593 000 | 711 | 279 624 | |
| Hepatitis C virus | 9‡, 20§ | 31 700 | 612 | 62 275 | |
| HIV | 72¶ | 36 800 | 18 221 | 557 021 | |
| Total | 7666 200 | 19 634 | 936 464 | ||
| US total (population: 265 284 000) | |||||
| 19 981 800 | 29 782 | 2 161 417 | |||