| Factor | BV prevalence n/N (%) | Univariate OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) |
| Socio-economic factors | |||
| Age (years) | p = 0.02 | p = 0.36 | |
| 16–19 | 51/71 (71.8%) | 1 | 1 |
| 20–24 | 191/285 (67.0%) | 0.80 (0.45 to 1.41) | 0.94 (0.51 to 1.73) |
| 25–29 | 259/418 (62.0%) | 0.64 (0.37 to 1.11) | 0.76 (0.42 to 1.40) |
| 30–35 | 306/509 (60.1%) | 0.59 (0.34 to 1.02) | 0.81 (0.44 to 1.49) |
| Marital status | p = 0.07 | p = 0.58 | |
| Married/living with partner | 188/324 (58.0%) | 1 | 1 |
| Divorced/separated/widow | 441/693 (63.6%) | 1.27 (0.97 to 1.66) | 1.16 (0.87 to 1.55) |
| Unmarried | 178/266 (66.9%) | 1.46 (1.04 to 2.05) | 1.17 (0.78 to 1.75) |
| Facility type | p = 0.002 | p = 0.07 | |
| Local food handler | 389/656 (59.3%) | 1 | 1 |
| Restaurant/café/grocery | 116/196 (59.2%) | 1.00 (0.72,1.38) | 0.87 (0.62,1.23) |
| Guesthouse | 101/138 (73.2%) | 1.87 (1.25 to 2.82) | 1.65 (1.08 to 2.52) |
| Local brew seller | 59/93 (63.4%) | 1.19 (0.76 to 1.87) | 0.96 (0.59 to 1.56) |
| Bar | 142/200 (71.0%) | 1.68 (1.19 to 2.37) | 1.25 (0.86 to 1.83) |
| Education | p = 0.82 | p = 0.42 | |
| Primary or above | 570/909 (62.7%) | 1 | 1 |
| Less than primary | 237/374 (63.4%) | 1.03 (0.80 to 1.32) | 0.89 (0.68 to 1.18) |
| Literacy | p = 0.09 | p = 0.28 | |
| Yes | 608/986 (61.7%) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 199/297 (67.0%) | 1.26 (0.96 to 1.66) | 1.18 (0.87 to 1.58) |
| Number of dependents† | p<0.001 | p = 0.003 | |
| ⩾2 | 466/785 (59.4%) | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 142/224 (63.4%) | 1.19 (0.87 to 1.61) | 1.14 (0.82 to 1.59) |
| None | 199/274 (72.6%) | 1.82 (1.34 to 2.46) | 1.68 (1.20 to 2.34) |
| Behavioural factors | |||
| Number of drinks per week | p<0.001 | p = 0.001 | |
| 0 | 347/602 (57.6%) | 1 | 1 |
| 1–4 | 192/299 (64.2%) | 1.32 (0.99 to 1.76) | 1.33 (0.98 to 1.81) |
| 5–9 | 90/137 (65.7%) | 1.41 (0.95 to 2.07) | 1.47 (0.97 to 2.22) |
| ⩾10 | 178/245 (72.7%) | 1.95 (1.41 to 2.70) | 1.75 (1.21 to 2.51) |
| Age at first sex‡ | p = 0.001 | p = 0.009 | |
| ⩾18 y | 213/368 (57.9%) | 1 | 1 |
| 16–17 y | 276/448 (61.6%) | 1.17 (0.88 to 1.55) | 1.11 (0.83 to 1.49) |
| 14–15 y | 246/375 (65.6%) | 1.39 (1.03 to 1.87) | 1.28 (0.94 to 1.75) |
| <14 y | 63/82 (76.8%) | 2.41 (1.39 to 4.20) | 2.15 (1.21 to 3.81) |
| No. partners in last 3 months | p<0.001 | p = 0.59 | |
| 0 | 29/63 (46.0%) | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 413/690 (59.9%) | 1.75 (1.04 to 2.94) | 1.16 (0.66 to 2.05) |
| 2 | 210/323 (65.0%) | 2.18 (1.26 to 3.76) | 1.28 (0.70 to 2.34) |
| ⩾3 | 155/207 (74.9%) | 3.49 (1.94 to 6.28) | 1.47 (0.75 to 2.85) |
| Condom use‡ | p = 0.007 | p = 0.59 | |
| Never | 132/244 (54.1%) | 1 | 1 |
| Rarely/sometimes | 359/570 (63.0%) | 1.44 (1.07 to 1.96) | 1.15 (0.83 to 1.60) |
| Often | 143/209 (68.4%) | 1.84 (1.25 to 2.70) | 1.34 (0.87 to 2.05) |
| Always | 172/259 (66.4%) | 1.68 (1.17 to 2.41) | 1.22 (0.82 to 1.83) |
| Sex in exchange for money or gifts in past 3 months | p<0.001 | p = 0.20 | |
| No | 464/790 (58.7%) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 343/493 (69.6%) | 1.61 (1.27 to 2.04) | 1.19 (0.91 to 1.54) |
| Hormonal contraception | p = 0.009 | p = 0.09 | |
| No | 587/900 (65.2%) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 220/383 (57.4%) | 0.72 (0.56 to 0.92) | 0.80 (0.62 to 1.04) |
| Sex in past 7 days | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | |
| No | 200/393 (50.9%) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 607/890 (68.2%) | 2.07 (1.62 to 2.64) | 1.95 (1.52 to 2.50) |
*Adjusted for age, facility type, number of dependents, number of drinks per week, age at first sex, hormonal contraception and sex in the past 7 days; †number of adults and children for whom respondent is contributing to their food and shelter; ‡data for age of first sex are missing for 10 women who could not remember. Data for condom use are missing for 1 woman.