Baseline Apr 2006 | Round 2 Dec 2006 | Round 3 May 2007 | Round 4 Feb 2008 | Endline Nov 2008 | Base vs end† | |
All areas combined (n) | (2401) | (1756) | (1741) | (1779) | (2382) | |
Consistent condom use with FSW in last 12 months (composite of 3 items below) | 63.6 | 70.9 | 81.4 | 81.9 | 86.5 | ** |
Used condom last time sex with FSW | 89.9 | 91.6 | 92.2 | 94.5 | 95.3 | ** |
Used condom with FSW every time in past 12 months | 72.6 | 75.2 | 83.3 | 83.1 | 88.4 | ** |
No occasion when condom not used with FSW in past 12 months | 63.6 | 70.9 | 81.4 | 81.9 | 86.5 | ** |
Andhra Pradesh (n) | (480) | (354) | (351) | (357) | (447) | |
Consistent condom use with FSW in last 12 months (composite of 3 items below) | 63.8 | 64.9 | 79.3 | 82.6 | 76.1 | * |
Used condom last time sex with FSW | 93.9 | 90.9 | 93.8 | 95.2 | 92.1 | ns |
Used condom with FSW every time in past 12 months | 71.7 | 70.2 | 81.6 | 83.9 | 78.7 | ns |
No occasion when condom not used with FSW in past 12 months | 63.8 | 64.9 | 79.3 | 82.6 | 76.1 | * |
Karnataka (n) | (481) | (337) | (351) | (350) | (473) | |
Consistent condom use with FSW in last 12 months (composite of 3 items below) | 51.0 | 66.0 | 70.5 | 69.0 | 81.1 | ** |
Used condom last time sex with FSW | 88.5 | 84.6 | 81.4 | 89.9 | 90.6 | ns |
Used condom with FSW every time in past 12 months | 62.8 | 66.2 | 70.3 | 68.8 | 84.8 | ** |
No occasion when condom not used with FSW in past 12 months | 51.0 | 66.0 | 70.5 | 69.0 | 81.1 | ** |
Tamil Nadu (n) | (480) | (352) | (344) | (357) | (473) | |
Consistent condom use with FSW in last 12 months (composite of 3 items below) | 40.1 | 55.0 | 67.6 | 70.1 | 79.3 | ** |
Used condom last time sex with FSW | 71.4 | 82.6 | 83.0 | 86.5 | 93.2 | ** |
Used condom with FSW every time in past 12 months | 49.7 | 56.9 | 68.7 | 70.4 | 80.4 | ** |
No occasion when condom not used with FSW in past 12 months | 40.1 | 55.0 | 67.6 | 70.1 | 79.3 | ** |
Maharashtra (except Mumbai) (n) | (480) | (336) | (325) | (355) | (498) | |
Consistent condom use with FSW in last 12 months (composite of 3 items below) | 84.2 | 86.2 | 97.9 | 93.6 | 95.7 | ** |
Used condom last time sex with FSW | 97.0 | 98.3 | 99.8 | 99.3 | 99.5 | * |
Used condom with FSW every time in past 12 months | 90.2 | 92.5 | 98.4 | 94.5 | 96.0 | * |
No occasion when condom not used with FSW in past 12 months | 84.2 | 86.2 | 97.9 | 93.6 | 95.7 | ** |
Mumbai (n) | (480) | (377) | (370) | (360) | (491) | |
Consistent condom use with FSW in last 12 months (composite of 3 items below) | 70.8 | 76.5 | 81.4 | 83.3 | 94.1 | ** |
Used condom last time sex with FSW | 90.0 | 95.9 | 94.6 | 94.8 | 97.5 | * |
Used condom with FSW every time in past 12 months | 77.3 | 81.6 | 85.3 | 84.7 | 95.5 | ** |
No occasion when condom not used with FSW in past 12 months | 70.8 | 76.5 | 81.4 | 83.3 | 94.1 | ** |
↵* Logistic regression models are adjusted for variables found to vary significantly over time at bivariate level: age, state where the study was conducted (for combined sample only), mobility, living in regional capital, duration of residence in city, marital status, socio-economic status, living arrangement, consumption of alcohol, other sexual partners in past 12 months (any other non-spousal non-commercial female partners), place where female sex workers (FSWs) are usually met, has seen condom advertisements other than those for PSI/Avahan-promoted ‘Masti’ condoms in past 6 months.
↵† *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001; ns, not significant.