Table 1

CT studies

Citation	Author	Date	Country	HIV prevalence (%)	Target population	Integration detail	Study scale	Costing methods	Intervention unit costs	Comparator units costs	Unit
Studies with a non-integrated comparator
W6	Twarir	1996	Kenya	10.50	MCH/FP clients	Referral Different structures	Pilot 2 clinics	Financial Incremental costs Health services perspective	$12.77	$18.42	Client accessing all services
W7	Forsythe	2002	Kenya	7.90	General population	One stop Same structure	Pilot 3 PHC clinics	Economic Incremental costs Health services perspective	$11–$21	$18–$35*	Person tested
W8	Das	2007	India	0.40	SRH clients	One stop Same structure	Pilot 1 clinic	Financial Full costs Health services perspective	$3.51	$5.24	Client accessing RH and CT services
W9	Liambila	2008	Kenya	6.70	FP clients Hospitals and health centres	(1) Referral Same or Different structures (2) One stop Same structure	(1) Pilot 14 sites (2) Pilot 9 sites	Financial Incremental costs Health services perspective	(1) NA (2) (a) $7.21 (b) $11.86 (c) $12.27	34.77^*	(1) NA (2) (a) Person tested (hospital) (b) Person tested (health centre) (c) Person tested (dispensary)
W10	Menzies	2009	Uganda	6.50	(1) Hospital clients (2) Families of HIV-positive clients/facility-based home outreach (3) General population/facility-based home outreach	(1) One stop Same structure (2) One stop Same structure (3) One stop Same structure	(1) Pilot 1 hospital (2) Pilot 1 outreach site (3) Pilot 1 outreach site	Economic Full costs (assumed) Health services perspective	(1) (a) $12.43 (b) $15.68 (c) $45.87 (2) (a) $14.74 (b) $15.47 (c) $246.53 (3) (a) $8.82 (b) $9.80 (c) $174.46	(a) $20.50 (b) $31.61 (c) $107.05	(a) HCT client (b) New CT client (c) HIV-positive individual identified
CT integrated into PHC/SRH
W11	Thielman	2006	Tanzania	6	General population Community level	(1) One stop (free) Same structure (2) One stop (fee based) Same structure	Pilot 1 scheme	Incremental Economic costs Health services perspective	(1) (a) $8.80 (b) $5.40 (2) (a) $14.22 (b) $8.72		(a) Person tested (b) DALY averted
W12	Chee	2006	Zambia	13.8	Antenatal clients Community and clinic level	One stop Same structure	Pilot	Full Financial costs Health service perspective	(a) $3.24 (b) $427		(a) Beneficiary (b) New CT acceptor
W13	Homan	2006	South Africa	18.10	General population FP clinics	One stop and referral Same structure	Pilot 18 clinics	Incremental Financial costs Health services perspective	(a) $5679–$7950 (b) $1817		(a) Staff training (per clinic) (b) Annual supplies (per clinic)
W14	Reynolds	2006	Kenya	6.60	CT clients Clinic/Hospital	One stop Same structure	Pilot 14 sites	Incremental Economic costs Health service perspective	$399		Person trained annually
W15	Mullick	2008	South Africa	29.10	Family planning clients Clinic/hospital	(1) One stop Same structure (2) Referral Different structures	Pilot 18 sites	Incremental Economic costs Health service perspective	(1) $7724 (2) $5452		Additional investment required
W16	Bratt	2011	Zambia	13.50	(1) Hospital (2) Hospital (3) Clinic (4) Hospital (5) Health centre (6) Health centre (7) District hospital (8) Clinic (9) Health centre (10) District hospital (11) Mission hospital (12) Central clinic	One stop Same structure	At scale 12 facilities costed 219 facilities existing	Full Economic costs Health service perspective	(1) $9.23 (2) $9.89 (3) $24.54 (4) $14.18 (5) NA (6) $19.24 (7) $21.83 (8) $26.04 (9) $30.25 (10) NA (11) $20.29 (12) $14.69		Visit
CT integrated into TB
W17	Hausler	2006	South Africa	17	(1) CT, ANC, TB and STI clients Community health centre (2) CT, ANC, TB and STI clients PHC clinics	One stop and referral Same structure	Pilot 3 sites costed 12 facilities existing	Full Economic costs Health service perspective	(1) (a) $29 (b) $113 (c) $216 (2) (a) $38 (b) $136 (c) $260		(a) Person accessing ProTest (b) HIV infection averted by CT (c) TB case prevented by CT
W18	Uhler	2010	India	0.3	Patients with active TB National model	(1) Selective referral Different structures (2) Targeted referral Different structures (3) Universal routine referral Different structures	Model	Full Costing not clear Cost perspective not clear	(1) $103 (2) $114 (3) $124		Person lifetime
W19	Vassall	2010	Ethiopia	4.40	TB/HIV patients Hospitals	One stop and referral Same structure	Pilot 3 hospitals costed 9 facilities existing	Full Economic costs Patent perspective	(1) $147 (2) $326 (3) $193		(a) Patient (TB only) (b) Patient (HIV only) (c) Patient (TB/HIV)
CT as an entry point for PMTCT
W20	Kumar	2006	India	0.40	(1) ANC clients (universal) (2) ANC clients (targeted)	One stop Same structure	Model	Incremental Economic costs Health service and societal costs	(1) (a) $663.93 (b) $49.82 (2) (a) $543.02 (b) $23.35		(a) HIV infection prevented (b) Year reduction on PYLLs
W21	Sweat	2004	(1) Botswana (2) Cote d'Ivoire (3) Kenya (4) Rwanda (5) Tanzania (6) Uganda (7) Zambia (8) Zimbabwe	(1) 25.8 (2) 5.3 (3) 7.1 (4) 3.2 (5) 6.4 (6) 6.4 (7) 14 (8) 19.8	ANC clients	One stop Same structure	Pilot	Incremental Costing not clear Health services perspective	(1) (a) $2329 (b) $75 (2) (a) $11 924 (b) 399$ (3) (a) $5528 (b) $180 (4) (a) $2406 (b) $85 (5) (a) $2942 (b) $99 (6) (a) $6255 (b) $216 (7) (a) $3305 (b) $111 (8) (a) $4602 (b) $148		(a) Perinatal HIV infection averted (b) DALY averted
W22	Perchal	2006	(1) Ethiopia (2) Ukraine	(1) 14–16 (2) 1.1	ANC clients	One stop Same structure	Pilot	Incremental Economic costs Health services perspective	(1) (a) $25.74 (b) $6.92 (2) (a) $8.72 (b) $6.25		(a) User in the first year (b) User in subsequent years

↵* Previously published cost estimate.
Costs adjusted to 2010 USD.
ANC, antenatal care; CT, counselling and testing; DALY, disability-adjusted life year; FP, family planning; MCH, maternal and child health; PHC, primary healthcare; PMTCT, prevention of mother-to-child transmission; SRH, sexual and reproductive health; STI, sexually transmitted infection; TB, tuberculosis; RH, reproductive health; PYLL, potential years of life lost.