Comparison of the prevalence of syphilis*, HIV, CT and NG between round 1 and round 2 IBBAs among clients of FSWs by district and state
| Syphilis prevalence | HIV prevalence | CT prevalence | NG prevalence | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Round 1 | Round 2 | Round 1 | Round 2 | Round 1 | Round 2 | Round 1 | Round 2 | |||||
| State/district | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | p Value | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | p Value | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | p Value | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | p Value |
| Andhra Pradesh | 6.1 (5.1 to 7.1) | 1.3 (0.8 to 1.8) | <0.001 | 6.5 (5.5 to 7.6) | 5.2 (4.2 to 6.2) | 0.074 | 1.2 (0.6 to 1.8) | 0.6 (0.3 to 0.9) | 0.062 | 0.4 (0.1 to 0.8) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| East Godavari | 7.1 (4.6 to 9.6) | 2.2 (0.8 to 3.7) | 0.001 | 9.1 (6.3 to 11.8) | 7.2 (4.7 to 9.8) | 0.345 | 1.2 (0.0 to 2.3) | 1.0 (0.0 to 2.0) | 0.817 | 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Guntur | 11.2 (8.1 to 14.3) | 1.0 (0.0 to 2.0) | <0.001 | 7.5 (4.9 to 10.1) | 5.9 (3.6 to 8.2) | 0.372 | 0.9 (0.0 to 2.1) | 0.3 (0.0 to 0.7) | 0.278 | 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Hyderabad | 5.4 (3.2 to 7.6) | 2.3 (0.8 to 3.7) | 0.019 | 3.7 (1.9 to 5.5) | 5.3 (3.1 to 7.4) | 0.285 | 2.0 (0.4 to 3.5) | 1.5 (0.3 to 2.7) | 0.647 | 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Vishakhapatnam | 3.2 (1.5 to 5.0) | 1.0 (0.0 to 2.0) | 0.026 | 8.0 (5.3 to 10.6) | 3.5 (1.7 to 5.2) | 0.006 | 0.5 (0.0 to 1.3) | 0.3 (0.0 to 0.7) | 0.666 | 1.8 (0.1 to 3.6) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Warangal | 3.5 (1.7 to 5.3) | 0.3 (0.0 to 0.7) | 0.001 | 4.5 (2.5 to 6.5) | 4.2 (2.3 to 6.2) | 0.857 | 1.2 (0.0 to 2.4) | 0.0 (NE) | NE | 0.6 (0.0 to 1.4) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Maharashtra | 5.0 (3.9 to 6.1) | 3.9 (2.9 to 4.8) | 0.126 | 7.6 (6.3 to 8.9) | 6.1 (4.9 to 7.2) | 0.078 | 2.7 (1.9 to 3.5) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.6) | 0.001 | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.1) | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.0) | 0.682 |
| Mumbai | 3.3 (1.5 to 5.1) | 4.9 (2.7 to 7.0) | 0.277 | 8.6 (5.9 to 11.4) | 5.7 (3.3 to 8.0) | 0.112 | 4.3 (2.3 to 6.3) | 2.4 (0.9 to 4.0) | 0.150 | 1.0 (0.0 to 2.0) | 1.6 (0.3 to 2.9) | 0.466 |
| Parbhani | 3.2 (1.5 to 4.9) | 3.0 (1.4 to 4.7) | 0.884 | 5.0 (2.8 to 7.1) | 3.3 (1.5 to 5.1) | 0.239 | 2.7 (1.1 to 4.3) | 0.0 (NE) | NE | 0.5 (0.0 to 1.2) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Pune | 6.0 (3.7 to 8.3) | 3.2 (1.5 to 4.9) | 0.061 | 6.5 (4.1 to 8.9) | 6.9 (4.5 to 9.4) | 0.800 | 2.5 (1.0 to 4.0) | 1.0 (0.0 to 2.0) | 0.103 | 0.3 (0.0 to 0.7) | 0.5 (0.0 to 1.2) | 0.567 |
| Yevatmal | 7.5 (4.9 to 10.1) | 4.5 (2.5 to 6.5) | 0.073 | 10.5 (7.5 to 13.5) | 8.3 (5.6 to 11.0) | 0.270 | 1.3 (0.2 to 2.3) | 1.0 (0.0 to 2.0) | 0.735 | 1.0 (0.0 to 2.0) | 0.3 (0.0 to 0.7) | 0.177 |
| Tamil Nadu | 3.8 (2.7 to 4.9) | 4.6 (3.4 to 5.8) | 0.341 | 2.7 (1.8 to 3.6) | 5.9 (4.6 to 7.2) | <0.001 | 0.8 (0.3 to 1.3) | 0.4 (0.1 to 0.8) | 0.188 | 0.0 (NE) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Chennai | 4.4 (2.4 to 6.4) | 11.8 (8.6 to 14.9) | <0.001 | 2.2 (0.8 to 3.7) | 12.0 (8.9 to 15.2) | <0.001 | 1.5 (0.3 to 2.7) | 0.0 (NE) | NE | 0.0 (NE) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Madurai | 3.0 (1.3 to 4.7) | 1.0 (0.0 to 2.0) | 0.043 | 2.2 (0.8 to 3.7) | 3.7 (1.9 to 5.6) | 0.216 | 0.0 (NE) | 0.8 (0.0 to 1.6) | NE | 0.0 (NE) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Salem | 4.0 (2.1 to 6.0) | 1.0 (0.0 to 1.9) | 0.005 | 3.5 (1.7 to 5.4) | 2.0 (0.6 to 3.3) | 0.173 | 1.0 (0.0 to 2.0) | 0.5 (0.0 to 1.2) | 0.393 | 0.0 (NE) | 0.0 (NE) | NE |
| Karnataka | 3.9 (3.1 to 4.7) | 1.8 (1.2 to 2.3) | <0.001 | 4.2 (3.4 to 5.0) | 3.3 (2.6 to 4.1) | 0.124 | 2.3 (1.7 to 2.8) | NA | NA | 0.6 (0.3 to 0.9) | NA | NA |
| Bangalore Urban | 4.5 (2.8 to 6.1) | 0.8 (0.1 to 1.6) | <0.001 | 2.4 (1.2 to 3.5) | 1.9 (0.9 to 3.0) | 0.587 | 3.1 (1.8 to 4.4) | NA | NA | 0.6 (0.0 to 1.2) | NA | NA |
| Belgaum | 3.9 (2.0 to 5.8) | 2.0 (0.5 to 3.4) | 0.122 | 6.6 (4.2 to 9.0) | 3.0 (1.3 to 4.6) | 0.014 | 1.2 (0.2 to 2.3) | NA | NA | 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0) | NA | NA |
| Bellary | 6.0 (3.7 to 8.3) | 2.7 (1.0 to 4.4) | 0.030 | 5.4 (3.3 to 7.6) | 6.8 (4.3 to 9.3) | 0.415 | 1.7 (0.4 to 2.9) | NA | NA | 0.5 (0.0 to 1.1) | NA | NA |
| Shimoga | 2.1 (0.8 to 3.5) | 1.5 (0.2 to 2.8) | 0.527 | 2.4 (0.9 to 3.8) | 1.9 (0.5 to 3.2) | 0.630 | 0.7 (0.0 to 1.5) | NA | NA | 0.5 (0.0 to 1.1) | NA | NA |
| Mysore | 2.9 (1.3 to 4.6) | 2.4 (0.9 to 3.8) | 0.609 | 5.4 (3.3 to 7.6) | 4.0 (2.1 to 5.9) | 0.331 | 4.0 (2.1 to 5.9) | NA | NA | 1.4 (0.3 to 2.5) | NA | NA |
| Total | 4.8 (4.3 to 5.3) | 2.6 (2.3 to 3.0) | <0.001 | 5.4 (4.8 to 5.9) | 4.9 (4.4 to 5.4) | 0.227 | 1.9 (1.5 to 2.2) | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) | <0.001† | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.6) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.3) | 0.058† |
p Value based on Pearson χ2 test.
*A subject was considered as having active syphilis when both the rapid plasma reagin and Treponema pallidum haemaglutination assay tests were positive.
†These p values are given for the comparisons between non-Karnataka districts, as NG and CT were not available in Karnataka in round 2. CT prevalence in non-Karnataka districts was 1.7% in round 1 (0.4% for NG).
CT, Chlamydia trachomatis; FSW, female sex worker; IBBA, integrated behavioural and biological assessment survey; NA, not available; NE, not estimated; NG, Neisseria gonorrhoeae.