Description of participants: male injection drug users and their main female partners, including injecting drug user partners and non-injecting drug user partners (Iran 2011)
| MIDUs (n=226)* | Main female partners | p Value† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FIDUPs (n=42 (18.6%)) | FNIDUPs (n=184 (81.4%)) | A | B | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||||
| Age (years) (mean±SD) | 37.0±1.1 | 33±1 | 34.1±0.7 | 0.43 | 0.07 |
| Marital status (n (%)) | |||||
| Single | 30 (13.3) | 4 (9.5) | 9 (4.9) | 0.08 | |
| Married | 137 (61.0) | 11 (26.2) | 122 (66.7) | ||
| Divorced | 16 (7.1) | 7 (16.7) | 19 (10.4) | ||
| Temporary marriage (sigheh) | 42 (18.6) | 17 (40.5) | 29 (15.8) | ||
| Widowed | 1 (0.4) | 3 (7.1) | 4 (2.2) | ||
| Education (n (%)) | |||||
| None | 23 (10.2) | 6 (14.3) | 41 (22.4) | 0.31 | 0.31 |
| Primary | 146 (64.6) | 24 (57.1) | 108 (59.0) | ||
| High school | 57 (25.2) | 12 (28.6) | 34 (18.6) | ||
| Drug related risks (n (%)) | |||||
| History of drug abuse (n (%)) | 226 (100) | 42 (100) | 88 (47.8) | ||
| Age at first drug use (years) (mean±SD) | 18.5±0.4 | 20.3±1.2 | 21. 8±1.5 | 0.33 | 0.21 |
| Age at first drug injection (years) (mean±SD) | 27.0±1.2 | 27.4±1 | – | – | 0.64 |
| History of high risk drug injection (n (%)) | 84 (39.1) | 22 (55.0) | – | – | 0.23 |
| Sex related risks | |||||
| Age at first sexual contact (years) (mean±SD) | 19.2±3.9 | 16.4±2.4 | 18.2±4.5 | ||
| No of sexual acts with main partner in previous month (mean±SD) | 5.4±1.1 | 5.3±0.85 | 4.4±1.2 | 0.43 | 0.89 |
| Having sex with casual partner (n (%)) | 157 (72.7) | 33 (78.6) | 77 (41.8) | 0.06 | 0.42 |
| No of sexual acts with casual partner in previous month (mean±SD) | 1.7±0.8 | 4.8±1 | 13±5.9 | 0.29 | 0.10 |
| No of sexual partners in last 6 months (excluding main partner) (mean±SD) | 1.3±0.3 | 2.5±0.5 | 5.5±4.2 | 0.47 | 0.36 |
| Condom use with main partner in past 6 months (overall) (n (%)) | 126 (55.8) | 24 (57.1) | 90 (49.5) | 0.29 | 0.77 |
| Condom use with casual partner in past 6 months (overall) (n (%)) | 58 (25.7) | 18 (42.9) | 45 (24.5) | 0.23 | 0.16 |
| Drug use before or during last sex with main partner (n (%)) | 123 (54.4) | 29 (69.0) | 54 (29.7) | 0.03 | 0.44 |
| Drug use before or during last sex with casual partner (n (%)) | 77 (34.1) | 20 (47.6) | 21 (11.4) | 0.02 | 0.38 |
| History of genital ulcer in the previous year (n (%)) | 24 (10.7) | 8 (19.0) | 37 (20.8) | 0.62 | 0.04 |
| History of genital discharge in the previous year (n (%)) | 20 (8.9) | 24 (58.5) | 90 (49.7) | 0.14 | 0.01 |
| Correctly identified ways of preventing sexual transmission and rejected major misconceptions about HIV transmission (n (%)) | 40 (22.5) | 8 (21.6) | 40 (33.1) | 0.13 | 0.77 |
| Serologic status and prior testing | |||||
| HIV antibody positive (n (%)) | 21 (9.4) | 3 (7.7) | 5 (2.8) | 0.11 | 0.63 |
| HCV antibody positive (n (%)) | 86 (38.6) | 15 (36.6) | 15 (8.4) | 0.01 | 0.90 |
| HBV antigen positive (n (%)) | 8 (3.6) | 3 (7.3) | 2 (1.1) | 0.03 | 0.37 |
| Tested for HIV in the past 12 months and received result (n (%)) | 30 (13.3) | 7 (16.7) | 26 (14.1) | 0.68 | 0.21 |
*Male injecting drug users.
†A: MIDUs versus main heterosexual partners; A: MIDUs versus FNIDUPs. B: MIDUs versus FIDUPs.
HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MIDUs, male injecting drug users; FIDUPs, main female partners of male injecting drug users; FNIDUPs, non-injecting female partners of male injecting drug users.