General Obstetrics and Gynecology: ObstetricsMidtrimester vaginal Mycoplasma genitalium in women with subsequent spontaneous preterm birth☆
Section snippets
Patients
In an ongoing observational prospective study of the association between lower genital tract infections and pregnancy outcomes, 127 women were identified who had subsequent spontaneous preterm birth. Women were eligible for participation in the study if they presented for prenatal care before 26 weeks with a singleton gestation. Exclusion criteria included metronidazole use within the 2 weeks before study enrollment, any vaginal symptoms (ie, itching, malodor), active vaginal bleeding, symptoms
Results
Of 127 women with subsequent spontaneous preterm birth during the prospective trial, 124 had samples sufficient for PCR analysis. Only 5 (3.9%) women had a PCR positive for M genitalium. Demographics of the women with a positive PCR did not differ significantly from those with a negative PCR. The mean gestational age at the time of sampling was significantly earlier in women with a negative PCR compared with those with a positive PCR (22.4 weeks ± 1.3 weeks versus 24.1 weeks ± 1.8 weeks, P
Comment
In nonpregnant women, M genitalium has been linked to 5% to 20% of cases of nongonococcal urethritis and to the pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory disease.7 In contrast, information is limited about any association of M genitalium with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Blanchard et al5 failed to detect M genitalium by either culture or PCR in the amniotic fluid of 232 women with singleton pregnancies and intact membranes who underwent cesarean delivery. However, additional information regarding
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Cited by (40)
Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium should it be integrated into routine pregnancy care in French young pregnant women?
2015, Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious DiseaseCitation Excerpt :The study was prospective, with consecutive women approached and a very high participation rate (96.2%). C. trachomatis was the most common organism identified in this study, as previously described (Hitti et al., 2010; Kataoka et al., 2006; Lu et al., 2001). The prevalence of C. trachomatis infection differs throughout the world, ranging from 0.1% to 25.7% according to the population studied (Ramos et al., 2011; Vidwan et al., 2012).
Immunity to Sexually Transmitted Infections
2015, Mucosal Immunology: Fourth EditionMycoplasma genitalium: An emergent sexually transmitted disease?
2013, Infectious Disease Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :Among men, M genitalium has been detected in 2% to 5% of infertile men,99,100 but there were no comparison groups of fertile men in these studies, so there is insufficient evidence to determine whether it is associated with male infertility. Studies of the relationship between M genitalium and preterm delivery101–107 have produced mixed results, partly because of the uncommon nature of premature birth in several of the prospective studies (2%–6%).103,104 In these longitudinal assessments, M genitalium prevalence was also low (0.7%–0.8%) and each reported no association with preterm birth.
Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma
2010, Infectious Diseases: Third EditionThe role of mycoplasmas in pregnancy outcome
2007, Best Practice and Research: Clinical Obstetrics and GynaecologyCitation Excerpt :It appears that M. genitalium, unlike M. hominis, behaves independently of BV and has no part in its development.60 In three studies61–63, M. genitalium was considered to be an unlikely risk factor in pregnancy outcome, while in a fourth64 it was reported to be a significant independent risk factor for spontaneous preterm delivery. Clearly, this is an area ripe for further research.
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Reprint requests: George C. Lu, MD, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 619 S 19th St, 451 OHB, Birmingham, AL 35249-7333. E-mail: [email protected].