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Chlamydia trachomatis is the commonest bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in Victoria, Australia, with the number of notifications increasing threefold in the past 8 years from 1287 in 1994 to 3977 in 2001.1 As infection with chlamydia is frequently asymptomatic, notification data underestimate population prevalence. Innovative study designs are necessary to investigate chlamydia prevalence and risk factors. We conducted a pilot study among women aged 18–32, to estimate the rate of response to a request to provide a mailed self collected urine specimen for chlamydia testing. Recruitment via mail was compared with recruitment via mail and follow up telephone contact.
Between March and May 2002, the names and addresses of 150 Victorian women aged 18–32 were randomly selected from the electoral roll. …