Introduction HPV vaccine is a powerful tool in to prevent cervical cancer. It were commercially introduced in Brazil in 2008 and only in 2013 the government starts in public health.Objectives: To assess the influence of the introduction of HPV vaccine in Fortaleza (Brazil) in the results of Pap smear.

Methods The results of Pap smear between 2006 and 2014 in Prof. Eleutério Laboratory were searched in the files to evaluate the influence of the use of vaccine even without identification of who used the vaccine. The frequency of atypias was compared year by year. The research was approved by Ethical committee of Federal University of Ceará.

Results During nine years was performed 205056 Pap smears in the laboratory. In general the atypias (>ASC-US) occurred in 4927 cases (2.4%). In 2006 the atypias (>ASC-US) occurred in 598 cases (2.24%), and in 2007 in 739 cases (2.7%). The vaccine was introduced in 2008 when the cytological atypia occurred in 873 cases (3.5%). The in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 the frequency was respectively, 598 (2.52%), 456 (2.02%), 540 (2.42%), 437 (2.06%), 349 (1.72%) and 227 (1.4%). When we evaluated only the women with less than 18 years old the results were: 2006–416 (2.4); 2007 – 363 (3.6%); 2008 – 389 (3.6%); 2010 – 459 (2.6%); 2011–440 (3.9%); 2012 – 428 (1.9%); 2013 – 375 (1.3%) and 2014 – 397 (1,01%).

Conclusion After the introduction of the HPV vaccines the cytological atypia in Pap smear decrease in Fortaleza - Brazil.