Introduction This survey has as objective to identify if the adolescents in poverty situation are vulnerable to STI/HIV/AIDS.

Methods The survey was descriptive, exploratory, with a quantitative approach, carried out with 287 adolescents in a public school situated in a region of low human development rate in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. The data collection was done through two questionnaires, one sociodemographic and one about the adolescents’ vulnerability. It was attributes ponctuations from 0 to 2 points, which, in the end, can present points from 0 (low vulnerability) and 21 (high vulnerability). The data were analysed by SPSS, version 22.0 and the Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to verify the significance of the variables.

Results From the 287 adolescents, 191 were males and 96 were females, distributed between the 6th and 7th grades (28% e 62% respectivaly). The predominant skin colour was attributed to Brown (41,5%) and the religion was the catholic with 54,4%. Regarding to marital status, 36,6% were dating, 61% were single, and 1,7% in another kind of relationship. Among the adolescents, 55,4% lived in a rented house and 44,6% lived in their own house, which 16,7% lived with more than 6 people.Regarding to the vulnerability to STI/HIV/AIDS it was observed that male adolescents present more vulnerability (dp=3.9) than the female adolescent (dp=3.7), and the students from 6th grade are more vulnerable (dp=3.9). Regarding to skin colour, the students Who are considered yellow (dp=3.6) present more vulnerability than the others, and the adolescents with no religion as well (dp=4.6). Regarding to marital status, the adolescents Who are more vulnerableare those Who were in another kind of relationship (dp=4.0).

Conclusion Aware of this, it was concluded the adolescents in poverty situation are vulnerable to STI/HIV/AIDS mainly the boys, and those with low level of education, and those Who don’t keep solid relationship, interfering in the necessity of educational strategies regarding to STI/HIV/AIDS prevention.