Type 2 diabetes in HIV

Duncan et al looked at the prevalence and risk factors for type 2 diabetes in HIV-positive individuals in this paper.1 Patients were recruited from outpatients (3/4 male) and data collected at two time periods, 2005 (337 patients) and 2014/2015 (338 patients). In 2005, every third patient attending clinic was invited to participate and a fasting blood glucose was taken. The 2014 cohort was recruited using structured random sampling stratified by age, gender and ethnicity. Body Mass Index (BMI), waist measurement, blood pressure, smoking status, vitamin D level, cardiovascular disease risk, lipids and fasting glucose were collected. In 2015, physical activity, family history of diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease and weight change were also recorded. Type II DM prevalence had increased from 6.8% in 2005 to 15.1% in 2015 with a relative risk of 2.4 when compared with the general population data. The 2015 cohort was older (p<0.001), had a higher BMI (p=0.019) and were hypertensive (p<0.001). Hepatic steatosis OR 6.74 (3.48–13.03) and hypertension OR 2.92 …