Background Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium are both intracellular pathogen of Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) that has been reportedly associated with various gynaecological morbidities. The asymptomatic carrier state of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium facilitates infertility sequelae and perinatal transmission among other complications. Due to the fastidious nature of both organisms, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are considered more reliable for accurate diagnosis. The aim was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infection among infertile women in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Methods A Cross- sectional hospital-based study conducted at the Infertility clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria using random sampling technique. Ethical approval was received from UI/UCH ethical approval committee. Information was collected from the 150 consenting women using structured questionnaire, on sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of the respondents. Endocervical swabs were obtained for DNA extraction. The presence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium were detected from the extracted DNA by the use of conventional PCR. Bands corresponding to 241 and 495kb were documented as positive for Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium respectively. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Associated risk factors were assessed with logistic regression.

Results Among the infertile women 11(7.30%) had evidence of Chlamydia trachomatis and 32(21.3%) Mycoplasma genitalium. Only 1(0.7%) had co- infection. Associated risk factors of Chlamydia trachomatis included past history of gonorrhea (OR=8.37, p value = 0.002) and Multiple sex partners (OR= 6.67, p value= 0.007). No associated risk factors were found for Mycoplasma genitalium.

Conclusion Considering the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, the high rates identified for Mycoplasma genitalium as a single infection and the low co-infection among the participants, their screening should be included in the microbiological evaluation of infertile women. The risk factors for the infections are similar to those peculiar to other STI

Disclosure No significant relationships.