RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Which sexually active young female students are most at risk of pelvic inflammatory disease? A prospective study JF Sexually Transmitted Infections JO Sex Transm Infect FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP 63 OP 66 DO 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052063 VO 92 IS 1 A1 Hay, Phillip E A1 Kerry, Sarah R A1 Normansell, Rebecca A1 Horner, Paddy J A1 Reid, Fiona A1 Kerry, Sally M A1 Prime, Katia A1 Williams, Elizabeth A1 Simms, Ian A1 Aghaizu, Adamma A1 Jensen, Jorgen A1 Oakeshott, Pippa YR 2016 UL http://sti.bmj.com/content/92/1/63.abstract AB Objective To identify risk factors for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in female students.Methods We performed a prospective study set in 11 universities and 9 further education colleges in London. In 2004–2006, 2529 sexually experienced, multiethnic, female students, mean age 20.8 years, provided self-taken vaginal samples and completed questionnaires at recruitment to the Prevention of Pelvic Infection chlamydia screening trial. After 12 months, they were followed up by questionnaire backed by medical record search and assessed for PID by blinded genitourinary medicine physicians.Results Of 2004 (79%) participants who reported numbers of sexual partners during follow-up, 32 (1.6%, 95% CI 1.1% to 2.2%) were diagnosed with PID. The strongest predictor of PID was baseline Chlamydia trachomatis (relative risk (RR) 5.7, 95% CI 2.6 to 15.6). After adjustment for baseline C. trachomatis, significant predictors of PID were ≥2 sexual partners or a new sexual partner during follow-up (RR 4.0, 95% CI 1.8 to 8.5; RR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 6.3), age <20 years (RR 3.3, 95% CI 1.5 to 7.0), recruitment from a further education college rather than a university (RR 2.6,  95% CI 1.3 to 5.3) and history at baseline of vaginal discharge (RR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.8) or pelvic pain (RR 4.1, 95% CI 2.0 to 8.3) in the previous six months. Bacterial vaginosis and Mycoplasma genitalium infection were no longer significantly associated with PID after adjustment for baseline C. trachomatis.Conclusions Multiple or new partners in the last 12 months, age <20 years and attending a further education college rather than a university were risk factors for PID after adjustment for baseline C. trachomatis infection. Sexual health education and screening programmes could be targeted at these high-risk groups.Trial registration number (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00115388).