PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - L Nastassya AU - Chandra Kate Folkard AU - Claire Broad AU - Emma M. Harding-Esch AU - Sarah C. Woodhall AU - S. Tariq Sadiq AU - John Saunders AU - Kevin Dunbar TI - P116 How Common is Rectal <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> Infection in Women? A Systematic Review, 1997 to 2015 AID - 10.1136/sextrans-2016-052718.170 DP - 2016 Jun 01 TA - Sexually Transmitted Infections PG - A60--A60 VI - 92 IP - Suppl 1 4099 - http://sti.bmj.com/content/92/Suppl_1/A60.1.short 4100 - http://sti.bmj.com/content/92/Suppl_1/A60.1.full SO - Sex Transm Infect2016 Jun 01; 92 AB - Background Chlamydia trachomatis is the most commonly diagnosed STI in the UK. While men-who-have-sex-with-men are known to be at-risk of rectal chlamydia infection (ReCT), the prevalence and risk-factors in women are incompletely-understood. This may have important implications for testing and treatment approaches since azithromycin and doxycycline are considered first-line regimens for uncomplicated urogenital infections, whereas doxycycline is the preferred treatment for ReCT.Objectives Undertake a systematic review to: 1) calculate ReCT positivity (number ReCT positive/number tested) among women in different testing settings; 2) determine the proportion of women diagnosed with ReCT with: a) concurrent urogenital infections and; b) a history of anal-intercourse.Methods Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO and the Cochrane Database were searched for articles published January 1997-September 2015. Studies reporting ReCT positivity in women aged ≥15 years in high-income countries were included and relevant data extracted.Results Fifteen studies were included (14 among women attending sexual health services). Populations tested varied e.g. 4/15 studies included only women with a history of anal-intercourse. Among all studies, ReCT positivity ranged from 0.5%–77% (median 13%). Among women with ReCT, 7%–100% had a concurrent urogenital infection; 16%–100% reported anal-intercourse (where data were available; Table 1)View this table:Abstract P116 Table 1 Key findings from studies (n = 15) reporting rectal chlamydia test positivity among women.Conclusion ReCT infections have been found in a substantial proportion of women in the populations tested. In these studies, urogenital testing alone would have missed up to 31% of chlamydia infections. Further work to establish need, criteria and feasibility for routine ReCT testing in women is needed to ensure chlamydia infections are not missed or inadequately treated.