RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Sexually transmitted infections among women randomised to depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, a copper intrauterine device or a levonorgestrel implant JF Sexually Transmitted Infections JO Sex Transm Infect FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP 249 OP 255 DO 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054590 VO 97 IS 4 A1 Jennifer Deese A1 Neena Philip A1 Margaret Lind A1 Khatija Ahmed A1 Joanne Batting A1 Mags Beksinska A1 Vinodh A Edward A1 Cheryl E Louw A1 Maricianah Onono A1 Thesla Palanee-Phillips A1 Jennifer A Smit A1 Jared M Baeten A1 Deborah Donnell A1 Timothy D Mastro A1 Nelly R Mugo A1 Kavita Nanda A1 Helen Rees A1 Charles Morrison YR 2021 UL http://sti.bmj.com/content/97/4/249.abstract AB Objectives Reproductive aged women are at risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STI). Understanding drivers of STI acquisition, including any association with widely used contraceptives, could help us to reduce STI prevalence and comorbidities. We compared the risk of STI among women randomised to three contraceptive methods.Methods We conducted a secondary analysis to assess the risk of chlamydia and gonorrhoea in a clinical trial evaluating HIV risk among 7829 women aged 16–35 randomised to intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM), a copper intrauterine device (IUD) or a levonorgestrel (LNG) implant. We estimated chlamydia and gonorrhoea prevalences by contraceptive group and prevalence ratios (PR) using log-binomial regression.Results At baseline, chlamydia and gonorrhoea prevalences were 18% and 5%, respectively. Final visit chlamydia prevalence did not differ significantly between DMPA-IM and copper IUD groups or between copper IUD and LNG implant groups. The DMPA-IM group had significantly lower risk of chlamydia compared with the LNG implant group (PR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.95). Final visit gonorrhoea prevalence differed significantly only between the DMPA-IM and the copper IUD groups (PR 0.67, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.87).Conclusions The findings suggest that chlamydia and gonorrhoea risk may vary with contraceptive method use. Further investigation is warranted to better understand the mechanisms of chlamydia and gonorrhoea susceptibility in the context of contraceptive use.Data are available on reasonable request. As of the time of publication, data access applications are in process with the governing IRBs of the ECHO trial to make de-identified publicly available.