Diagnostic test | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Reference standard | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCR = polymerase chain reaction, IF = immunofluorescence, EIA = enzyme immunoassay, LOS = lipo-oligosaccharide. | ||||
Microscopy | 5–36 | not stated | clinical diagnosis | 56, 57 |
10–63 | 51–99 | culture | 56, 58, 59 | |
Culture | 61–91 | not stated | clinical diagnosis | 27, 28 |
35–75 | 94–100 | PCR | 19, 34, 37, 40 | |
PCR | 83–96 | 100 | clinical diagnosis | 36, 38 |
56–100 | 52–100 | culture | 34, 38, 40 | |
Antigen detection (IF) | 93–100 | 63–74 | culture | 41, 42 |
89 | 81 | PCR | 42 | |
Non-adsorption EIA | 55–89 | 49–96 | culture | 47 |
Adsorption EIA | 81–100 | 23–88 | culture | 48 |
53–83 | 57–71 | PCR | 51, 60 | |
LOS EIA | 83–96 | 97 | culture | 42, 49 |
48–74 | 89–90 | PCR | 42, 51, 60 |