Features suggesting an aetiology of renal failure other than HIVAN
| History |
| Non-black ethnicity |
| Nephrotoxic drugs taken recently |
| Recent acute sepsis, hypotension (acute tubular necrosis) |
| Renal colic (obstructive uropathy) |
| Haematuria (other types of glomerulonephritis) |
| Myoglobinuria, myalgia (rhabdomyolisis) |
| Examination |
| Acute sepsis/hypotension (ATN) |
| Investigations |
| Haematuria/myoglobunuria (non-HIVAN glomerulonephritis) |
| Fragmented blood red cells/thrombocytopenia (haemolytic uraemic syndrome) |
| Antinuclear antibody/serum complement (lupus nephritis) |
| Serological tests for hepatitis B and C (membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis) |
| Protein electrophoresis and cryoglobulins (non-HIVAN glomerulonephritis) |
| Dilated urinary collecting system on ultrasound/IVU (obstructive uropathy) |