Prevalence of genital chlamydial infection in women with laparoscopically proved PID, selected studies, industrialised countries: 1980–98
Population | Country | Prevalence % (95% CL) | Sample size | Site of specimen collection | Author (year) reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
STD clinics | UK | 40 (25–55) | 17/43 | Lower genital tract | Kinghorn (1986)77 |
Gynaecology inpatients | UK | 39 (29–49) | 40/104 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Bevan (1995)9 |
UK | 43 (23–66) | 10/23 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Stacey (1992)78 | |
Finland | 30 (24–37) | 69/228 | Lower genital tract | Paavonen (1980)79 | |
Finland | 42 (26–59) | 15/36 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Heinonen (1989)80 | |
Finland | 52 (29–63) | 16/35 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Paavonen (1987)81 | |
Sweden | 33 (26–41) | 52/156 | Lower genital tract | Ripa (1980)82 | |
Sweden | 12 (7–17) | 22/187 | Upper genital tract | Brihmer (1987) 83 | |
USA | 15 (9–25) | 13/84 | Upper genital tract | Soper (1994)84 | |
USA | 22 (19–25) | 129/589 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Jossens (1994)76 | |
Gynaecology outpatients | Canada | 16 (7–29) | 8/50 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Brunham (1988)7 |
Finland | 14 (5–26) | 7/51 | Upper genital tract | Cacciatore (1992)85 | |
USA | 65 (43–84) | 15/23 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Wølner-Hanssen (1988)8 | |
Accident and emergency | USA | 61 (39–80) | 14/23 | Upper genital tract | Wasserheit (1986)86 |
USA | 38 (25–52) | 21/55 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Kiviat (1986)87 | |
USA | 30 (13–53) | 7/23 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Livengood (1992)88 | |
Primary care | Canada | 25 (13–40) | 11/44 | Lower genital tract and upper genital tract | Sellors (1991)69 |