Sociodemographic, health, and behavioural factors in HIV positive men with a new hepatitis C diagnosis versus hepatitis C negative HIV positive men
| Risk factor | New HCV diagnosis (n = 11) (%) | HCV negative (n = 297) (%) | IRR (95% CI) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *IRR corresponds to an increase of 1 in the risk factor | |||||
| †Insertive, receptive, or both. | |||||
| ART, antiretroviral therapy. | |||||
| Sociodemographic and health factors | |||||
| Age | Median (range) | 34 (24–44) | 38 (21–64) | 0.93* (0.85 to 1.01) | 0.087 |
| Ethnicity | White | 10 (90.9) | 271 (91.6) | 1 – | 0.989 |
| Other | 1 (9.1) | 25 (8.5) | 1.01 (0.13 to 7.93) | ||
| Employment status | Employed | 6 (54.6) | 146 (49.3) | 1 – | 0.782 |
| Unemployed | 3 (27.3) | 55 (18.6) | 1.28 (0.32 to 5.10) | ||
| Medically retired | 1 (9.1) | 64 (21.6) | 0.40 (0.05 to 3.31) | ||
| Other | 1 (9.1) | 31 (10.5) | 0.76 (0.09 to 6.33) | ||
| Education >O level | Yes | 8 (72.7) | 226 (76.1) | 1 – | |
| No | 3 (27.3) | 71 (23.9) | 1.22 (0.32 to 4.58) | 0.772 | |
| Clinical HIV stage at interview | Asymptomatic | 6 (54.6) | 113 (38.1) | 1 – | 0.465 |
| Symptomatic | 2 (18.2) | 104 (35.0) | 0.37 (0.07 to 1.81) | ||
| AIDS | 3 (27.3) | 80 (26.9) | 0.71 (0.18 to 2.85) | ||
| Year first HIV diagnosis | Median (range) | 1995 (1987–1999) | 1994 (1983–2000) | 1.06* (0.92 to 1.22) | 0.444 |
| ART at interview | Yes | 6 (54.6) | 218 (73.9) | 0.43 (0.13 to 1.40) | 0.160 |
| No | 5 (45.5) | 77 (26.1) | 1 – | ||
| HIV viral load at interview (log10) | Median (range) | 2.35 (1.69–5.70) | 2.30 (1.69–5.70) | 1.15* (0.69 to 1.92) | 0.583 |
| CD4 count at interview | Median (range) | 420 (110–1130) | 360 (30–1070) | 1.00* (0.998 to 1.005) | 0.369 |
| Any STI in past year | Yes | 6 (55.6) | 92 (31.1) | 2.65 (0.81 to 8.68) | 0.111 |
| No | 5 (45.5) | 204 (68.9) | 1 – | ||
| Recent risk behaviours | |||||
| Sex in past year | Yes | 11 (100.0) | 280 (94.3) | NA | NA |
| No | 0 (0.0) | 17 (5.7) | |||
| Number of partners in past year | >30 | 6 (54.6) | 65 (21.9) | 3.95 (1.21 to 12.95) | 0.023 |
| ⩽30 | 5 (45.5) | 232 (78.1) | 1 – | ||
| New partners in past year | Median (range) | 5 (0–40) | 1 (0–50) | 1.05* (1.01 to 1.10) | 0.015 |
| New anal sex partners in past year | Median (range) | 2 (0–40) | 0 (0–18) | 1.10* (1.05 to 1.16) | <0.001 |
| UAI with new partner in past year | Yes | 8 (72.7) | 110 (38.5) | 4.11 (1.09 to 15.50) | 0.037 |
| No | 3 (27.3) | 176 (61.5) | 1 – | ||
| Injecting drug use in past 5 years | Yes | 1 (9.1) | 24 (8.1) | 1.24 (0.16 to 9.66) | 0.840 |
| No | 10 (90.9) | 272 (91.9) | 1 – | ||
| Sexual practice in last two episodes involving different partners | |||||
| Fisting† | Yes | 6 (54.6) | 30 (10.1) | 9.39 (2.87 to 30.77) | <0.001 |
| No | 5 (45.5) | 267 (89.9) | 1 – | ||
| Rimming | Yes | 9 (81.8) | 137 (46.1) | 4.72 (1.02 to 21.83) | 0.047 |
| No | 2 (18.2) | 160 (53.9) | 1 – | ||
| Use of sex toys† | Yes | 4 (36.4) | 34 (11.5) | 4.50 (1.32 to 15.38) | 0.016 |
| No | 7 (63.6) | 263 (88.6) | 1 – | ||
| Anal fingering† | Yes | 10 (90.9) | 179 (60.3) | 6.51 (0.83 to 50.84) | 0.074 |
| No | 1 (9.1) | 118 (39.7) | 1 – | ||
| Intranasal recreational drugs use | Yes | 5 (45.5) | 58 (19.5) | 3.42 (1.04 to 11.21) | 0.042 |
| No | 6 (54.6) | 239 (80.5) | 1 – | ||
| Sex occurred in public sex venue | Yes | 4 (36.4) | 105 (35.4) | 1.00 (0.29 to 3.43) | 0.994 |
| No | 7 (63.6) | 192 (64.7) | 1 – | ||