HIV prevalence and associations with characteristics of male participants
| Variable | Males | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV prevalence % (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)† | Base | |
| *One-sided 97.5% confidence interval; †adjusted for area, age group, region of birth, marital status, STI diagnosis, no. new partners in past 12 months and site of recruitment. | ||||
| All respondents | 13.1 (10.2 to 16.3) | – | – | 513 |
| Area | p = 0.07 | p = 0.58 | ||
| London | 12.6 (9.3 to 16.6) | 1 | 1 | 342 |
| Luton | 9.0 (4.2 to 16.4) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.5) | 0.6 (0.2 to 2.1) | 100 |
| West Midlands | 21.1 (12.3 to 32.4) | 1.9 (1.0 to 3.6) | 0.5 (0.1 to 2.3) | 71 |
| Age group | p = 0.02 | p = 0.43 | ||
| Under 25 | 8.1 (4.1 to 14.1) | 1 | 1 | 135 |
| 25–29 | 8.8 (4.1 to 16.1) | 1.1 (0.4 to 2.7) | 0.9 (0.2 to 3.6) | 102 |
| 30–34 | 14.0 (7.4 to 23.1) | 1.8 (0.8 to 4.4) | 2.0 (0.5 to 8.9) | 86 |
| 35–39 | 21.1 (12.5 to 31.9) | 3.0 (1.3 to 6.9) | 3.6 (0.8 to 17.0) | 76 |
| 40+ | 19.7 (11.2 to 30.9) | 2.8 (1.2 to 6.5) | 1.8 (0.3 to 9.5) | 71 |
| Region of birth | p<0.001 | p = 0.001 | ||
| Eastern Africa | 21.8 (16.6 to 27.7) | 1 | 1 | 225 |
| Horn of Africa | 2.7 (0.6 to 7.6) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.3) | 0.0 (0.0 to 0.3) | 112 |
| Southern Africa | 18.2 (5.2 to 40.3) | 0.8 (0.3 to 2.5) | 0.4 (0.1 to 2.7) | 22 |
| Central Africa | 7.1 (1.5 to 19.5) | 0.3 (0.1 to 0.9) | 0.2 (0.0 to 1.5) | 42 |
| Western Africa | 7.0 (2.3 to 15.7) | 0.3 (0.1 to 0.7) | 0.5 (0.1 to 2.0) | 71 |
| Other and outside Africa | 10.7 (2.3 to 28.2) | 0.4 (0.1 to 1.5) | 0.4 (0.1 to 2.4) | 28 |
| Marital status | p = 0.04 | p = 0.70 | ||
| Married (partner abroad) | 18.0 (8.6 to 31.4) | 2.2 (0.9 to 5.2) | 0.9 (0.2 to 4.1) | 50 |
| Married | 15.9 (10.0 to 23.4) | 1.9 (1.0 to 3.7) | 1.0 (0.3 to 3.7) | 126 |
| Widowed/separated/divorced | 31.3 (11.0 to 58.7) | 4.5 (1.4 to 14.4) | 1.8 (0.3 to 12.4) | 16 |
| Living with partner | 18.4 (7.7 to 34.3) | 2.2 (0.9 to 5.8) | 1.4 (0.3 to 6.2) | 38 |
| In relationship | 8.6 (3.2 to 17.7) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.4) | 0.4 (0.1 to 1.8) | 70 |
| Single | 9.1 (5.6 to 13.9) | 1 | 1 | 208 |
| STI clinic attendance | p<0.001 | |||
| ⩽5 years agp | 21.9 (15.7 to 29.3) | 2.7 (1.6 to 4.6) | – | 155 |
| >5 years ago | 3.6 (0.1 to 18.3) | 0.4 (0.0 to 2.7) | – | 28 |
| Never attended | 9.5 (6.5 to 13.3) | 1 | – | 315 |
| STI diagnosis | p<0.001 | p = 0.001 | ||
| ⩽5 years ago | 32.2 (20.6 to 45.6) | 4.6 (2.4 to 8.7) | 5.4 (1.8 to 16.5) | 59 |
| >5 years ago | 22.9 (10.4 to 40.1) | 2.9 (1.2 to 6.7) | 6.4 (1.6 to 26.1) | 35 |
| Never STI diagnosis | 9.4 (6.7 to 12.7) | 1 | 1 | 405 |
| No. new partners in past 12 months | p = 0.92 | p = 0.99 | ||
| 0 | 13.0 (9.0 to 17.8) | 1 | 1 | 247 |
| 1 | 15.3 (7.9 to 25.7) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.5) | 1.1 (0.4 to 3.7) | 72 |
| 2 | 13.0 (4.9 to 26.3) | 1.0 (0.4 to 2.6) | 1.4 (0.4 to 5.4) | 46 |
| 3+ | 16.3 (6.8 to 30.7) | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.2) | 1.1 (0.3 to 4.4) | 43 |
| Gender of sex partners in past 12 months | p = 0.12 | |||
| Homo-/bisexual | 22.2 (10.1 to 39.2) | 2.0 (0.9 to 4.6) | – | 36 |
| Heterosexual | 12.6 (9.6 to 16.1) | 1 | – | 436 |
| Site of recruitment | p = 0.15 | p = 0.002 | ||
| Social network (+ weddings and christenings) | 8.7 (3.8 to 16.4) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.7) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.6) | 92 |
| Churches | 5.9 (0.1 to 28.7) | 0.5 (0.1 to 3.7) | 0.2 (0.0 to 2.6) | 17 |
| University/college | 6.3 (1.8 to 15.5) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.5) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.6) | 63 |
| Pubs, restaurants, bars, nightclubs | 23.8 (12.1 to 39.5) | 2.3 (1.0 to 5.4) | 1.3 (0.4 to 4.3) | 42 |
| Barbers, hairdressers, markets, shops | 4.3 (0.1 to 21.9) | 0.3 (0.0 to 2.6) | – | 23 |
| Events, concerts, football | 11.8 (7.7–17.0) | 1 | 1 | 204 |
| Other | 12.5 (1.6–38.3) | 1.1 (0.2–5.0) | 0.4 (0.0–4.8) | 16 |