| N (%) | 95% CI | |
| Genital tract symptoms and signs | ||
| Women (n = 339) | ||
| Vaginal discharge | 100 (29.5) | 24.6 to 34.3 |
| Lower abdominal pain | 65 (19.2) | 15.0 to 23.4 |
| Genital ulceration | 25 (7.4) | 4.6 to 10.2 |
| Vaginal or vulval condylomata | 8 (2.4) | 0.7 to 4.0 |
| Men (n = 500) | ||
| Urethral discharge | 41 (8.2) | 5.8 to 10.6 |
| Dysuria | 57 (11.4) | 8.6 to 14.2 |
| Genital ulceration | 19 (3.8) | 2.1 to 5.5 |
| Genital condylomata | 9 (1.8) | 0.6 to 3.0 |
| Laboratory-confirmed infections* | ||
| Women (n = 324) | ||
| Vaginitis | ||
| Any confirmed vaginitis | 180 (55.9) | 50.4 to 61.3 |
| T vaginalis† | 32 (9.9) | 6.7 to 13.2 |
| C albicans† | 82 (25.5) | 20.7 to 30.2 |
| Bacterial vaginosis† | 110 (34.2) | 29.0 to 39.3 |
| Cervicitis | ||
| Non-specific cervicitis | 34 (10.6) | 7.2 to 13.9 |
| Gonococcal cervicitis | 0 (0) | 0 to 1.1‡ |
| HIV-1 | 103 (32.0) | 26.9 to 37.1 |
| Syphilis | 11 (3.4) | 1.4 to 5.4 |
| Men (n = 486) | ||
| Urethritis | ||
| Non-specific urethritis§ | 27 (5.5) | 3.5 to 7.6 |
| Gonoccoccal urethritis | 5 (1.0) | 0.1 to 1.9 |
| HIV-1 | 102 (21.0) | 17.4 to 24.6 |
| Syphilis | 16 (3.3) | 1.7 to 4.9 |
STI, sexually transmitted infection.
*Defined in Methods section. †29 Women had concurrent bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis; 12 had concurrent bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis; four had concurrent candidiasis and trichomoniasis. ‡One-sided p value (97.5). §223 Urethral smears were performed; eight men with urethral discharge had a missing urethral smear.