| Women* N = 322 | p Value | Men† N = 486 | p Value | |
| aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |||
| Receptive anal sex (within 3 months) | 1.2 (0.5 to 2.5) | 0.71 | 3.8 (2.0 to 6.9) | <0.001 |
| Clinical anogenital ulcer disease | 1.1 (0.4 to 2.9) | 0.84 | 2.6 (1.0 to 6.9) | 0.05 |
| Clinical anogenital condylomata | 3.9 (1.0 to 14.5) | 0.04 | 4.0 (1.4 to 11.7) | 0.01 |
| Clinical pelvic inflammatory disease‡ | 3.0 (1.0 to 8.7) | 0.04 | — | — |
| Laboratory confirmed T vaginalis vaginitis | 2.1 (0.9 to 4.8) | 0.06 | — | — |
| Laboratory-confirmed cervicitis | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.5) | 0.32 | — | — |
| Laboratory-confirmed urethritis | — | — | 3.3 (1.3 to 8.7) | 0.02 |
| Laboratory-confirmed active or untreated syphilis | 3.2 (0.9 to 12.1) | 0.08 | 1.9 (0.6 to 6.0) | 0.27 |
aOR, adjusted odds ratio.
*Model adjusted for age, transactional sex (3 months), partner count (1 month) and unprotected sex with casual partners and regular partners (1 week, yes/no).
†Model adjusted for age, transactional sex (3 months), partner count (1 month), unprotected sex with casual partners and regular partners (1 week, yes/no), reported sex with women (3 months), circumcision and reported insertive anal sex (3 months).
‡Treated for clinically diagnosed pelvic inflammatory disease, based on complaint of abdominal pain, compatible history and examination findings and no alternative diagnosis made.