Probability of treatment failure for various therapeutic regimens stratified by syphilis stage and HIV status (if data on HIV-uninfected subjects were reported). Studies that fulfilled entry criteria and reported failures for each regimen with a sample size of >10 people for that regimen are included
| Stage | Regimen | Study | Total N (HIV+) | Failures (HIV+) | % Probability of failure HIV+ (95%CI) | Total N (HIV-) | Failures (HIV-) | % Probability of failure HIV- (95% CI) | p Value |
| Early | BPG X 1 | Riedner (2005)27 | 87 | 6 | 6.9 (2.6 to 14.4) | 78 | 3 | 3.8 (0.8 to 10.8) | 0.3 |
| Ghanem (2007)30 | 31 | 4 | 12.9 (3.6 to 29.8) | 151 | 4 | 2.6 (0.7 to 6.6) | 0.03 | ||
| Ghanem (2008)32 | 49 | 11 | 22.4 (11.7 to 36.6) | – | – | – | – | ||
| CPG+P X 17d | Warwick (2008)33 | 105 | 1 | 1.0 (0.3 to 5.4) | – | – | – | – | |
| Doxy X 14d | Kofoed (2006)29 | 15 | 1 | 6.7 (0.2 to 31.9) | – | – | – | – | |
| Azithro X 1 | Riedner (2005)27 | 84 | 4 | 4.8 (1.3 to 11.7) | 79 | 0 | 0 (0 to 4.6) | 0.1 | |
| Late latent | BPG X3 | Dowell (1992)10 | 13 | 4 | 30.8 (9.1 to 61.4) | – | – | – | – |
| Malone (1995)16 | 19 | 4 | 21.1 (6.1 to 45.6) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Ghanem (2007)30 | 93 | 18 | 19.4 (11.9 to 28.9) | 14 | 1 | 7.1 (0.2 to 33.8) | 0.5 | ||
| Ghanem (2008)32 | 103 | 32 | 31.1 (22.3 to 40.9) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Cef X10-14 doses | Dowell (1992)10 | 36 | 9 | 25.0 (12.1 to 42.2) | – | – | – | – | |
| Neurosyphilis | APG X 10-14d | Gordon (1994)13 | 11 | 3 | 27.3 (6.0 to 61.0) | – | – | – | – |
| Ghanem (2008)32 | 36 | 10 | 27.8 (14.2 to 45.2) | – | – | – | – |
APG, aqueous penicillin 18–24 million units intravenously daily; Azithro, azithromycin 2 g; BPG, benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units given intramuscularly; Cef, ceftriaxone 1–2 g intramuscularly or intravenously; CPG, procaine penicillin 2.4 million units intramuscularly; d, days; Doxy, doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day; m, months; N, number; P, probenecid 500 mg orally four times daily; –, no data available for HIV-uninfected subjects.