Table 1

Distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in MENA as extracted from various studies

Country	Study	Sample size	Year^*	Genes	Subtype (%)
Afghanistan	Sanders-Buell8	4 IDU	2005–6	Pol, Env	CRF35_AD (100)
Algeria	Bouzeghoub9	134 Isolates	NA^†	Rt, Prot, Env	B (56), CRF02_AG (12.7), CRF06_cpx (4), Inter-CRF recombinants (9.7)
Djibouti	Maslin10	34 Isolates	2002	Pol, Env	C (73), CRF02_AG (18), D (6), A (3)
Djibouti	Lasky11	33 French military personnel in Djibouti	NA^†	Env	C (48), B (33), A (15), E (3)
Iran	Sarrami-Farooshani12	46 IDU and 15 haemophiliacs in Teheran	2003	Gag, Env	IDU: A (100) Haemophiliacs: B (100)
	Naderi13	12 IDU in Mashhad	2005	Gag, Env	A (100)
	Soheilli14	13 Isolates, mostly IDU	NA^†	RT, Prot, Env	CRF35_AD (100)
	Mousavi15	39 Isolates, mostly IDU	2005–6	Pol	CRF35_AD (100)
	Hamkar16	42 Isolates, 36% IDU	2009	Pol	A/D recombinants (48), B (43), A (5), CRF01_AE (5)
Israel/Palestine	Gehring17	92 Isolates, 45% MSM	NA^†	Env	B (98), A (1), D (1)
Lebanon	Pieniazek18	25 Isolates	1996	Prot, Gag, Env	A (44), B (40), C (4), D (4), G (4),
Libya	de Oliveira19	44 Children	1998	Gag	CRF02_AG (100)
Morocco	Elharti20	200 Isolates	NA^†	NA^†	B (93.5), A (1%), F (0.5%)
	Abid21	14 Isolates	NA^†	Env, Tat	B (78.6%), A (21.4%)
	Bakhouch22	98 Isolates	2004–7	Rt, Prot	B (74.6%), CRF02_AG (15.5), CRF01_AE (4.2), G (2.8), C (1.4), F2 (1.4%)
Pakistan	Khan23	34 IDU in Karachi	2006	Gag, Env	A (100)
Saudi Arabia	Yamaguchi24 Badreddine25	56 Saudi nationals in Riyadh	2003–4	Gag, Pol, Env	C (39.3), B (17.8), Intersubtype recombinants (16.1), CRF43_02G (10.7), CRF25_cpx (7.1), D (3.6), A (1.8), CRF02_AG (1.8)
Saudi Arabia	Alzahrani26	12 Isolates in Dammam	2004–7	Gag, Env	C (58%), B (17%), A (8%), D (8%), G (8%)
Sudan	Hierholzer27	30 Blood donors	1998–9	Pol, Env	D (50), C (30), recombinants (10), A (6.7), B (3.3)
Tunisia	Ben Halima28	25 Isolates	1999	Env	B (95), CRF02_AG (5)
Turkey	Yilmaz29	27 Isolates	NA^†	Env	B (70.4), A (14.8), F1 (7.4), C (3.7), D (3.7)
Yemen	Saad30	19 Isolates	2000–2	Pol	B (47.3), C (31.6), D (10.5), A (5.3), URF (5.3)

↵* Year of data collection.
↵† Not available in original document.
CRF, circulating recombinant form; IDU, injecting drug user; MENA, Middle East and North Africa; MSM, men who have sex with men.