Table 2

TB studies

Citation	Author	Date	Country	HIV prevalence (%)	Target population	Integration detail	Scale	Costing methods	Unit costs and cost-effectiveness	Unit
Models
W23	Masobe	1995	South Africa	6.10	HIV-positive individuals	Integration not clear	Model Scale not clear	Costing not clear Full costs (assumed) Health services perspective	(1) $42 980 118 (2) $24 006 909	(1) Do nothing cost over 8 years (2) Intervention cost over 8 years
W24	Bell	1999	Uganda	7.30	HIV-positive individuals w/ pos TST	Integration not clear (1) IPT (INH for 6 months) (2) IPT (INH+RIF for 3 months) (3) RIF+PZA for 2 months	Model Scale not clear	Costing not clear Incremental costs Health services perspective	(1) $156 (2) $376 (3) $356	QALY saved over do-nothing
			Uganda	7.30	HIV-positive individuals w/ pos TST	Integration not clear (1) IPT (INH for 6 months) (2) IPT (INH+RIF for 3 months) (3) RIF+PZA for 2 months	Model Scale not clear	Costing not clear Incremental costs (assumed) Societal perspective	(1) $17.40 (2) $6.95 (3) $5.98	Savings per person in therapy
Empirical studies
W25	Foster	1997	Zambia	14.50	Individuals presenting for CT	(1) Referral from CT centre (2) Referral from CT centre (3) Referral from STD clinic (4) Occupational therapy (5) Occupational therapy (6) Referral from CT centre	Model Scale not clear	Costing not clear Incremental costs Health services and patient wages	(1) −$25 to $34 (2) −$53 to −$39 (3) −$19 to $54 (4) −$30 to $23 (5) −$55 to −$44 (6) $2–$100	TB case prevented
W26	Shrestha	2006	Uganda	6.30	Newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients (1) IPT with TST, 6-month regimen (2) IPT with TST, 9-month regimen (3) IPT without TST, 6-month regimen (4) IPT without TST, 9-month regimen	One stop Same structure	Pilot 1 clinic	Financial Incremental costs Health services perspective	(1) $23.62 (2) $61.19 (3) $19.68 (4) $46.16	HIV-positive patient
W17	Hausler	2006	South Africa	17	CT, ANC, TB and STI clients (1) Community health centre (2) PHC clinic	One stop Same structure	Pilot 3 facilities costed 12 facilities existing	Economic Full costs Health services perspective	(1) (a) $29 (b) $805 (c) $1166 (2) (a) $38 (b) $391 (c) $586	(a) Person accessing Pro TEST (b) TB case prevented by ICF (c) TB case prevented by IPT
W27	Shrestha	2007	Uganda	6.30	Newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients (1) IPT with TST (2) IPT without TST	One stop Same structure	Pilot 2 clinics	Financial Incremental costs Health services perspective	(1) (a) $121.18 (b) $102 (2) (a) $159.34 (b) $105	(a) Client (b) QALY gained over control
W28	Terris-Prestholt	2008	Zambia	13.60	Newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients	One stop Same structure	Pilot 1 clinic, 1 hospital	Economic Full costs Health services perspective (assumed)	(1) (a) $14 (b) $31 (c) $56 (2) (a) $35 (b) $40 (c) $56	(a) Person pre-test counselled for CT (b) Person completing IPT (c) Annually per client
W29	Sutton	2009	Cambodia	0.50	HIV-positive individuals	One stop Same structure	Pilot 4 hospitals	Economic Full costs Health services perspective	(a) $99.72 (b) $27.64 (c) $398.84 (d) $1049.47	(a) TB case detected by ICF (b) Person completing IPT (c) TB case prevented by ICF (d) TB case prevented by IPT
W19	Vassall	2010	Ethiopia	4.40	TB/HIV patients	One stop Same structure	Pilot 3 hospitals costed 9 sites existing	Economic Full costs Patient perspective	(a) $147/patient (b) $326/patient (c) $193	(a) Patient (TB only) (b) Patient (HIV only) (c) Patient (TB/HIV)

All costs adjusted to 2010 USD.
ANC, antenatal care; CT, counselling and testing; ICF, intensified case finding; IPT, isoniazid preventive therapy; STD; sexually transmitted disease; STI, sexually transmitted infection; TB, tuberculosis; TST, tuberculin skin test; w/pos TST, with positive tuberculin skin test; INH, isoniazid; PZA, pyrazinamide; RIF, rifampin.