Patient demographics by HIV status
| Characteristic | HIV serologic status | p Value | |
| HIV-1 (n=163) | HIV-2 (n=27) | ||
| n (%*) | n (%*) | ||
| Male | 92 (56.4) | 12 (44.4) | 0.25 |
| Age (range 18–59) | |||
| 18–24 | 19 (11.8) | 1 (4.0) | 0.03† |
| 25–29 | 30 (18.6) | 3 (12.0) | |
| 30–34 | 41 (25.5) | 4 (16.0) | |
| 35–44 | 51 (31.7) | 11 (44.0) | |
| 45+ | 20 (12.4) | 6 (24.0) | |
| Median (IQR) | 33 (28–40) | 38 (31–44) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Single | 30 (18.8) | 3 (11.1) | 0.10 |
| Monogamously married | 59 (36.9) | 13 (48.2) | |
| Polygamously married | 19 (11.9) | 2 (7.4) | |
| Divorced/separated | 28 (17.5) | 6 (22.2) | |
| Widowed | 24 (15.0) | 3 (11.1) | |
| Alcohol user | 18 (11.3) | 3 (11.5) | 0.97 |
| Smoker | 36 (22.5) | 8 (29.6) | 0.42 |
| Female sex worker‡ | 12 (16.9) | 7 (46.6) | 0.003 |
| Periodontal disease§ | 44 (31.0) | 6 (31.6) | 0.96 |
| HIV-related oral lesion¶ | 39 (26.7) | 2 (10.0) | 0.10 |
| Plasma HIV RNA copies/ml | |||
| Below qualitative detection‡ | 1 (0.7) | 5 (22.7) | <0.0001† |
| Below level of quantification§ | 1 (0.7) | 2 (9.1) | |
| Quantification limit¶ to 999 | 2 (1.4) | 6 (27.3) | |
| 1000 copies/ml to 9999 | 14 (10.0) | 3 (13.6) | |
| ≥10 000 | 122 (87.1) | 6 (27.3) | |
| Median (IQR) | 123 717 (24 609–444 608) | 310 (20–40** to 19 511) | |
| |Days| between collection of oral and blood samples | |||
| Median (IQR) | 0 (0–27) | 0 (0–0) | 0.38 |
| |Days| between oral viral load and oral exams | |||
| Median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.48 |
| CD4 count cells/μl | |||
| >500 | 18 (13.0) | 10 (40.0) | 0.001† |
| 200–500 | 40 (29.0) | 7 (28.0) | |
| <200 | 80 (58.0) | 8 (32.0) | |
| Median (IQR) | 169.5 (72–350) | 438.0 (170–634) | |
| HIV disease stage†† | |||
| 1 | 25 (16.7) | 9 (36.0) | 0.11 |
| 2 | 39 (26.0) | 4 (16.0) | |
| 3 | 79 (52.7) | 11 (44.0) | |
| 4 | 7 (4.7) | 1 (4.0) | |
↵* Column percentages may not add up to 100% because of missing values.
↵† p Values based on the categorical version of variable are presented unless p value of continuous version differed.
↵‡ <40 copies/ml; HIV-2: <20 copies/ml of HIV-2.
↵§ HIV-1: 40–80 copies/ml; HIV-2: 20–40 copies/ml.
↵¶ HIV-1: >80 copies/ml; >40 copies/ml of HIV-2.
↵** Value within range rather than single value.
↵†† Based on WHO staging system.23