Seroprevalence rates for single and multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) types in women and men
| Antigen | Women (total =1632) no. (%) of positive | Men (total =1518) no. (%) of positive | OR (95% CI) | p Value | p Value* |
| HPV-6 VLP | 389 (23.8) | 279 (18.4) | 1.4 (1.2 to 1.7) | <0.001 | 0.008 |
| HPV-11 VLP | 248 (15.2) | 208 (13.7) | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.4) | 0.254 | 0.251 |
| HPV-16 VLP | 236 (14.5) | 99 (6.5) | 2.4 (1.9 to 3.1) | <0.001 | 0.012 |
| HPV-18 VLP | 162 (9.9) | 82 (5.4) | 1.9 (1.5 to 2.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HPV-31 VLP | 267 (16.4) | 92 (6.1) | 3.0 (2.4 to 3.9) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HPV-33 VLP | 156 (9.6) | 65 (4.3) | 2.4 (1.8 to 3.2) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HPV-16 and/or 18 VLPs | 323 (19.8) | 150 (9.9) | 2.3 (1.8 to 2.8) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HPV-6 and/or 11 and/or 16 and/or 18 VLPs | 610 (37.4) | 433 (28.5) | 1.5 (1.3 to 1.7) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HPV-16 and 18 VLPs | 75 (4.6) | 31 (2.0) | 2.3 (1.5 to 3.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HPV-6 and 11 VLPs | 182 (11.2) | 144 (9.51) | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.5) | 0.140 | <0.001 |
| HPV-6 and 11 and 16 and 18 VLPs | 28 (1.7) | 11 (0.7) | 3.4 (1.2 to 4.8) | 0.019 | <0.001 |
| Any HR HPV VLPs | 489 (30.0) | 220 (14.5) | 2.5 (2.1 to 3.0) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Any LR HPV VLPs | 460 (28.2) | 354 (23.3) | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.5) | 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Any HPV VLPs | 732 (44.9) | 496 (32.7) | 1.7 (1.5 to 1.9) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
↵* p Value after standardisation on WHO European standard.
HR, high risk; LR, low risk; VLP, virus-like particle.