Demographic, risk behaviour and HIV/STI prevalence of MSM by city, El Salvador, 2008
| San Salvador | San Miguel | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | (n) | Unadjusted (%) | RDS-adjusted % (95% CI) | N | (n) | Unadjusted (%) | RDS-adjusted % (95% CI) | |
| Socio-demographics | ||||||||
| Age | 596 | 195 | ||||||
| 18–24 | 346 | 58.1 | 59.5 (53.0 to 66.6) | 135 | 69.2 | 72.6 (63.4 to 81.8) | ||
| 25–34 | 177 | 29.7 | 28.2 (22.4 to 34.0) | 43 | 22.1 | 17.4 (10.7 to 24.7) | ||
| >=35 | 73 | 12.2 | 12.6 (8.6 to 16.9) | 17 | 8.7 | 10.0 (3.8 to 16.2) | ||
| Education | 596 | 195 | ||||||
| None/primary | 44 | 7.4 | 9.8 (6.2 to 14.4) | 41 | 21.0 | 23.8 (15.5 to 32.7) | ||
| secondary | 347 | 58.2 | 59.7 (53.7 to 65.2) | 120 | 61.5 | 60.8 (51.9 to 70.0) | ||
| Some/completed university | 205 | 34.4 | 30.5 (24.9 to 36.3) | 34 | 17.4 | 15.5 (8.5 to 22.7) | ||
| Monthly income in USD | 516 | 192 | ||||||
| <=$180 | 198 | 38.4 | 40.4 (34.1 to 46.7) | 98 | 51.0 | 50.9 (41.7 to 60.3) | ||
| $181–$500 | 225 | 43.6 | 44.3 (38.0 to 50.5) | 79 | 41.1 | 42.0 (33.7 to 50.9) | ||
| >$500 | 93 | 18.0 | 15.3 (11.0 to 20.0) | 15 | 7.8 | 7.1 (2.9 to 11.6) | ||
| Self-identification | 575 | 192 | ||||||
| Gay or homosexual | 279 | 48.5 | 46.1 (40.2 to 52.5) | 56 | 29.2 | 22.3 (14.5 to 30.9) | ||
| Heterosexual or bisexual | 229 | 39.8 | 44.9 (38.4 to 50.6) | 110 | 57.3 | 46.5 (34.2 to 58.9) | ||
| Transsexual, transvestite, or other | 67 | 11.7 | 9.1 (5.7 to 13.0) | 26 | 13.5 | 12.1 (6.3 to 18.4) | ||
| Age at first anal sex | 587 | 187 | ||||||
| <=15 | 310 | 52.8 | 50.6 (44.4 to 56.6) | 102 | 54.5 | 49.0 (38.0 to 58.7) | ||
| 16 or more | 277 | 47.2 | 49.4 (43.4 to 55.6) | 85 | 45.5 | 51.0 (41.3 to 62.0) | ||
| Behaviours in the past 12 months | ||||||||
| Non-injection drug use | 595 | 97 | 16.3 | 15.4 (10.8 to 19.8) | 195 | 64 | 32.8 | 32.9 (24.5 to 41.9) |
| Bought sex | 577 | 38 | 6.6 | 8.0 (4.6 to 11.9) | 191 | 17 | 8.9 | 8.3 (3.8 to 13.8) |
| Sold sex | 579 | 142 | 24.5 | 18.5 (13.8 to 23.3) | 190 | 35 | 18.4 | 14.3 (8.9 to 21.2) |
| Sex with women | 575 | 138 | 24.0 | 27.2 (21.6 to 32.6) | 188 | 69 | 36.7 | 48.5 (35.4 to 59.8) |
| Condom at last sexual encounter | ||||||||
| Casual partners (male and female) | 306 | 212 | 69.3 | 64.2 (56.8 to 73.3) | 100 | 61 | 61.0 | 51.5 (38.9 to 66.2) |
| Stable male partner | 196 | 113 | 57.7 | 60.5 (49.9 to 70.5) | 53 | 31 | 58.5 | 49.3 (31.9 to 68.8) |
| Male client | 138 | 130 | 94.2 | 96.8 (93.6 to 99.0) | 36 | 32 | 88.9 | 87.5 (77.4 to 99.2) |
| Female partner | 50 | 13 | 26.0 | 16.4 (7.7 to 28.6) | 35 | 16 | 45.7 | 44.9 (22.9 to 66.8) |
| Consistent condom use (past 12 months) | ||||||||
| Casual partner | 357 | 174 | 48.7 | 44.4 (35.8 to 53.1) | 121 | 50 | 41.3 | 35.1 (24.4 to 45.4) |
| Stable male partner | 180 | 57 | 31.7 | 34.6 (24.0 to 45.7) | 44 | 11 | 25.0 | 30.3 (14.1 to 48.5) |
| Frequent clients | 62 | 47 | 75.8 | 70.8 (49.0 to 89.2) | 14 | 11 | 78.6 | 72.0 (29.3 to 100.0) |
| Female partner | 50 | 5 | 10.0 | 4.9 (0.6 to 11.4) | 33 | 5 | 15.2 | 16.2 (3.0 to 28.8) |
| Health services | ||||||||
| Exposed to behaviour change interventions | 573 | 393 | 68.6 | 64.4 (58.6 to 69.9) | 191 | 113 | 59.2 | 51.8 (42.4 to 61.6) |
| HIV test ever | 577 | 359 | 62.2 | 58.2 (52.7 to 64.2) | 191 | 98 | 51.3 | 40.8 (31.8 to 50.5) |
| HIV test in the past 12 months | 531 | 173 | 32.6 | 29.5 (24.8 to 36.0) | 170 | 50 | 29.4 | 22.0 (13.5 to 30.8) |
| Sought medical assistance for STI in the past 12 months | 105 | 43 | 41.0 | 40.4 (28.3 to 53.0) | 36 | 11 | 30.6 | 33.6 (13.9 to 56.1) |
| HIV and STI | ||||||||
| HIV | 516 | 75 | 14.5 | 10.8 (7.4 to 14.7) | 183 | 19 | 10.4 | 8.8 (4.2 to 14.5) |
| HSV-2 | 516 | 257 | 49.8 | 46.8 (40.0 to 53.3) | 174 | 71 | 40.8 | 36.0 (24.7 to 46.8) |
| Syphilis | 516 | 73 | 14.1 | 12.1 (8.4 to 16.2) | 174 | 21 | 12.1 | 8.1 (3.8 to 13.9) |
| Active syphilis (TPPA+ and RPR 1 : 8) | 516 | 32 | 6.2 | 6.0 (3.6 to 8.9) | 174 | 3 | 1.7 | 0.7 (0.0 to 1.7) |
| STI (urine) | ||||||||
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 460 | 12 | 2.6 | 3.4 (1.2 to 6.1) | 188 | 5 | 2.7 | 1.3 (0.1 to 3.2) |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 460 | 8 | 1.7 | 2.7 (0.6 to 5.5) | 188 | 0 | – | – |
| Mycoplasma genitalium | 459 | 11 | 2.4 | 3.3 (1.2 to 6.0) | 188 | 5 | 2.7 | 2.1 (0.2 to 3.3) |
| Tricomonas vaginalis | 460 | 6 | 1.3 | 1.4 (0.2 to 3.0) | 188 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.2) |
| STI (anal swab) | ||||||||
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 390 | 8 | 2.1 | 1.6 (0.4 to 3.3) | 110 | 8 | 7.3 | 11.0 (3.9 to 19.9) |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 390 | 17 | 4.4 | 6.1 (2.2 to 11.2) | 116 | 1 | 0.9 | 1.2 (0.0 to 3.6) |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae (urine and anal swab) | 383 | 21 | 5.5 | 7.4 (2.9 to 12.8) | 116 | 1 | 0.9 | 1.2 (0.0 to 3.5) |
| Chlamydia trachomatis (urine and anal swab) | 383 | 18 | 4.7 | 5.2 (2.5 to 8.8) | 110 | 9 | 8.2 | 12.4 (5.0 to 21.4) |
| Any bacterial STI (PCR)* | 467 | 52 | 11.1 | 12.7 (8.2 to 17.5) | 188 | 19 | 10.1 | 9.6 (4.9 to 15.4) |
*Any STI including Tricomonas, Mycoplasma, Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia.
MSM, men who have sex with men; RDS, respondent-driven sampling; RPR, rapid plasma regain; STI, sexually transmitted infections.