Comparison of 2011 New Zealand ESR culture-based susceptibility data for penicillin, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone with the proportions of molecular markers encoding resistance or reduced susceptibility to these antibiotics found in this 2012–2013 study of DNA amplified from Neisseria. gonorrhoeae
| Antimicrobial resistance | Region of New Zealand | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marker or phenotype | Auckland* | Wellington† | Gisborne‡ | Total | |
| PPNG§ | % | 16% | 4% | 0% | 9% |
| N | 14/86 (9M/5W) | 3/69 (0M/3W) | 0/31 | 17/186 (9M/8W) | |
| Penicillin R¶ | % | 28.7% | 8.5% | No data | N/A |
| N | 317 | 165 | No data | N/A | |
| gyrA 91 Ser→Phe | % | 33% | 77%** | 32% | 49% |
| N | 29/86 (17M/12W) | 53/69 (19M/33W/1U) | 10/31 (3M/7W) | 92/186 (39M/52W/1U) | |
| Ciprofloxacin R†† | % | 43.5% | 50.9% | 35.7% | N/A |
| N | 1081 | 173 | 168 | N/A | |
| Mosaic penA | % | 5% | 9% | 0% | 5% |
| N | 4/86 (2M/2W) | 6/69 (3M/3W) | 0/31 | 10/186 (5M/5W) | |
| Ceftriaxone R‡‡ | % | 0% | 0% | 0% | N/A |
Bold represents significant results. The accompanying data is the raw data before calculation.
*Waitemata, Auckland and Counties District Health Boards.
†Hutt Valley and Capital and Coast District Health Boards.
‡Tairawhiti District Health Board.
§No attempt was made to detect penicillin resistance due to chromosomal mutations by molecular methods.
¶Penicillin MIC ≥2.0 mg/L.
**The gyrA mutation was significantly more common in samples from women than men (p<0.0001).
††Ciprofloxacin MIC ≥1.0 mg/L.
‡‡Ceftriaxone MIC> 0.25 mg/L.
ESR, Environmental and Science Research Limited; M, men; MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; PPNG, penicillinase-producing N. gonorrhoeae; R, resistance (from 2012 ESR Surveillance Report); U, unknown sex; W, women.