Characteristics of adult pharmacy clients referred and tested for HIV-1 in Coastal Kenya, 2013
| Characteristic | Targeted, n | Tested n (% of targeted) | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis** | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p Value | OR (95% CI) | p Value | |||
| Total number of clients | 1490 | 353 (24%) | n/a | n/a | ||
| Referring pharmacy | ||||||
| Pharmacy 1 | 262 | 22 (8%) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Pharmacy 2 | 96 | 16 (17%) | 2.2 (1.1 to 4.4) | 0.03 | 2.2 (1.1 to 4.4) | 0.03 |
| Pharmacy 3 | 380 | 74 (19%) | 2.6 (1.5 to 4.4) | <0.001 | 1.9 (1.1 to 3.2) | 0.02 |
| Pharmacy 4 | 60 | 12 (20%) | 2.7 (1.3 to 5.9) | 0.01 | 2.1 (1.0 to 4.6) | 0.06 |
| Pharmacy 5 | 692 | 229 (33%) | 5.3 (3.4 to 8.6) | <0.001 | 5.0 (3.1 to 8.1) | <0.001 |
| Age, years | ||||||
| 18–24 | 681 | 150 (22%) | Ref | Ref | – | – |
| 25–29 | 809 | 203 (25%) | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.5) | 0.2 | – | – |
| Sex of person presenting at pharmacy* | ||||||
| Female | 706 | 168 (24%) | Ref | Ref | – | – |
| Male | 760 | 184 (24%) | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.3) | 0.9 | – | – |
| Area of residence† | ||||||
| Shanzu | 145 | 27 (19%) | Ref | Ref | – | – |
| Mtwapa | 1333 | 316 (24%) | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.1) | 0.2 | – | – |
| Prescription presented‡ | ||||||
| Yes | 361 | 29 (8%) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| No | 1109 | 318 (29%) | 4.6 (3.1 to 6.9) | <0.001 | 5.0 (3.3 to 7.7) | <0.001 |
| Treatment sought§ | ||||||
| Fever | ||||||
| No | 748 | 178 (24%) | Ref | Ref | – | – |
| Yes | 742 | 175 (24%) | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.3) | 0.9 | – | – |
| Diarrhoea | ||||||
| No | 1288 | 309 (24%) | Ref | Ref | – | – |
| Yes | 202 | 44 (22%) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.3) | 0.5 | – | – |
| STI symptoms | ||||||
| No | 1135 | 237 (21%) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 355 | 116 (33%) | 1.8 (1.4 to 2.4) | <0.001 | 1.3 (1.0 to 1.8) | 0.08 |
| Body pains | ||||||
| No | 953 | 256 (27%) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 537 | 97 (18%) | 0.5 (0.7 to 0.8) | <0.001 | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.6) | <0.001 |
*Sex was missing for 24 clients. For 96 referrals, the sex of the person presenting at the study clinic was different from that of the person initially referred, mainly due to sharing of referral coupons.
**Variables included in the multivariable analysis were: referring pharmacy, prescription presented (yes/no), STI symptoms (yes/no) and body pains (yes/no).
†Area of residence was missing for 12 clients.‡Prescription was missing for 20 clients.§A total of 339 (22.7%) clients sought treatment for more than one symptom, including 333 with two symptoms and six with three symptoms. Antimalarial medications were counted as treatment for fever.