Differences between post-HIV diagnosis AIDS patients (PHDA patients) and late presenters
| PHDA patients (n=54) | Percentage or IQR | Late presenters (n=47) | Percentage or IQR | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |||||
| Median age | 40 | 36–44 | 40 | 33.5–45 | 0.764 |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 43 | 79.6 | 41 | 87.2 | 0.308 |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| Caucasian | 32 | 59.3 | 32 | 68.1 | 0.477 |
| Non-Caucasian | 22 | 40.7 | 15 | 31.9 | |
| Migrant or visitor | 29 | 53.7 | 16 | 34.0 | 0.047 |
| HIV risk factors | |||||
| MSM | 36 | 66.7 | 26 | 55.3 | 0.243 |
| Intravenous drug user | 5 | 9.3 | 0 | 0 | 0.032 |
| Others | 4 | 7.4 | 4 | 8.5 | 0.564 |
| Unknown | 10 | 18.5 | 17 | 36.2 | |
| Previous clinical indicator disease | 31 | 57.4 | 6 | 12.8 | 0.000 |
| Previous chemoprophylaxis | 13 | 24.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.005 |
| Psychiatric comorbidities | 19 | 35.2 | 6 | 12.8 | 0.009 |
| Alcohol abuse | 13 | 24.1 | 2 | 4.3 | 0.005 |
| Substance abuse | 12 | 22.2 | 1 | 2.1 | 0.003 |
| Social Issues | 14 | 25.9 | 0 | 0 | 0.000 |
| Median time from diagnosis to AIDS (years) | 7.3 | 4.0–13.3 | 0 | 0–0 | |
| Median CD4 at diagnosis (cells/microlitre) | 263 | 125–430 | 43 | 10.5–184.0 | |
| Median Viral load at diagnosis (copies/ml) | 45632 | 16384–165750 | 202747 | 77356–188474 | |
| Median LTFU period (months) | 11 | 6–19 | |||
| Reasons for LTFU recorded | |||||
| Travelled abroad | 7 | 13 | |||
| Social Issues | 7 | 13 | |||
| Transfer of care to other centres | 4 | 7.4 | |||
| Treatment avoidance | 3 | 5.6 | |||
| Religious views | 2 | 3.7 | |||
| Hospitalisation for other medical problems | 2 | 3.7 | |||
| Other reasons | 2 | 3.7 | |||
| Not LTFU | 6 | 11.1 | |||
| Unrecorded | 21 | 38.9 | |||
| Number of patients received previous ART | 34 | ||||
| Median ART break period (months) | 12 | 4.0–23.0 | |||
| Median length of ART before OI (months) | 48 | 33–84 | |||
| Reasons for ART break | |||||
| Drug side effects | 9 | 26.5 | |||
| Incompatible lifestyle | 4 | 11.8 | |||
| Religious views | 3 | 8.8 | |||
| Negative beliefs about ART | 2 | 5.9 | |||
| Travelled abroad | 2 | 5.9 | |||
| Social issues | 2 | 5.9 | |||
| Alternative medication | 1 | 2.9 | |||
| Medical advice | 1 | 2.9 | |||
| Others | 2 | 2.9 | |||
| Unrecorded | 9 | 26.5 | |||
| Patients who did not stop ART | 6 | 17.6 | |||
| Last VL on ART | |||||
| Undetectable | 15 | 44.1 | |||
| >50 copies/ml | 18 | 44.1 | |||
| Unrecorded | 1 | 2.9 | |||
Bold represents a statistically significant difference between the two cohorts (p<0.05). ART, antiretroviral therapy; LTFU, lost to follow-up; MSM, men who have sex with men; OI, opportunistic infection; VL, viral load.