Total (n=310) | Delay (n=95) (% delay) | Univariate analysis (OR) | Multivariate analysis (aOR) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
MSM | 279 (97.1%) | 85 (30.5%) | 1.0 | |
Heterosexuals | 31 (2.9%) | 10 (32.3%) | 1.1 (0.5–2.4) | |
Age | ||||
<25 years | 56 (18.4%) | 27 (48.2%) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
26–40 years | 160 (52.6%) | 44 (27.5%) | 0.4 (0.2–0.8)* | 0.4 (0.2–0.9)* |
>40 years | 88 (28.9%) | 18 (20.5%) | 0.3 (0.1–0.6)* | 0.3 (0.1–0.6)* |
Unknown | 6 (1.9%) | 6 (100.0%) | NA | |
Ethnicity | ||||
Western | 169 (54.5%) | 42 (24.9%) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Non-Western | 141 (45.5%) | 53 (37.6%) | 1.8 (1.1–3.0)* | 1.3 (0.6–2.3) |
Higher educational level (vs no higher education) | 166 (53.5%) | 45 (27.1%) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | |
No health insurance (vs health insurance) | 29 (9.4%) | 17 (58.6%) | 3.9 (1.8–8.5)* | 2.5 (0.9–6.9) |
Risk factors | ||||
Having a steady partner (vs not) | 181 (58.4%) | 44 (24.3%) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9)* | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) |
Having casual partner(s) <6 months (vs no casual partners) | 273 (88.1%) | 84 (30.8%) | 1.8 (0.7–4.5) | |
Previous HIV test | ||||
Yes | 246 (79.4%) | 66 (26.8%) | 1.0 | |
No | 46 (14.8%) | 18 (39.1%) | 1.7 (0.9–3.4) | |
Previous STI diagnosis | 207 (67%) | 60 (63.2%) | 0.9 (0.5–1.5) | |
Injected drugs ever | 8 (2.6%) | 3 (37.5%) | 1.4 (0.3–6.1) | |
Paid sexual contacts | 43 (13.9%) | 14 (32.6%) | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) | |
Perception | ||||
Disclosed HIV status (vs no disclosure) | 203 (65.5%) | 53 (26.1%) | 0.6 (0.3–1.0)* | 0.7 (0.4–1.5) |
Perceived sufficient social support | 158 (51.0%) | 48 (30.4%) | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | |
Optimistic treatment expectations | 155 (50.0%) | 48 (31.0%) | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | |
Perceived HIV-related stigma | 150 (48.4%) | 44 (29.3%) | 0.9 (0.5–1.4) | |
Biological markers | ||||
CD4+ cell count ≥500 (vs <500) | 168 (55%) | 60 (35.7%) | 1.7 (1.0–2.8)* | 1.6 (0.9–3.0) |
Undetectable viral load (vs detectable viral load) | 10 (3.2%) | 7 (70.0%) | 5.4 (1.4–21.3)* | 2.4 (0.6–2.8) |
Referral to HIV care | ||||
Directly by nurse/clinician | 223 (71.9%) | 49 (22.0%) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Indirect referral | 61 (19.7%) | 31 (50.%) | 3.7 (2.0–6.6)* | 3.9 (2.0–7.8)* |
Otherwise | 16 (5.2%) | 8 (50.0%) | 3.6 (1.3–9.9)* | 5.6 (1.7–18.1)* |
*p<0.05.
aOR, adjusted OR; MSM, men who have sex with men; NA, not applicable; STI, sexually transmitted infections.