Sexual activity in the past 3 months (n=2189 MSM) | |||||||||||
(1) Higher HIV risk CLS-D (n=93) | (2) Other CLS-D (n=264) | (3) CLS-C without CLS-D (n=479) | (4) Condom-protected sex only (n=556) | (5) No anal or vaginal sex (n=797) | p-value across groups 1–4 only | ||||||
Mean age (SD) (N=2135) | 42 | (9.0) | 46 | (9.2) | 43 | (8.8) | 45 | (9.6) | 49 | (9.0) | 0.020ANOVA |
Median years since HIV diagnosis (IQR) (N=2153) | 5 | (2–10) | 10 | (6–15) | 8 | (4–14) | 9 | (4–15) | 12 | (7–18) | <0.001KW |
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
Ethnicity (N=2154) | |||||||||||
White | 80 | 87.9 | 230 | 88.8 | 428 | 90.3 | 477 | 87.5 | 713 | 90.8 | |
Black, Asian, Mixed, Chinese or other | 11 | 12.1 | 29 | 11.2 | 46 | 9.7 | 68 | 12.5 | 72 | 9.2 | 0.568 |
Place of birth (N=2189) | |||||||||||
UK | 60 | 64.5 | 181 | 68.6 | 328 | 68.5 | 357 | 64.2 | 576 | 72.3 | |
Outside the UK | 33 | 35.5 | 83 | 31.4 | 151 | 31.5 | 199 | 35.8 | 221 | 27.7 | 0.421 |
Education (N=2149) | |||||||||||
None or up to A levels | 54 | 60.0 | 138 | 53.1 | 245 | 51.7 | 292 | 53.4 | 470 | 60.4 | |
University degree or above | 36 | 40.0 | 122 | 46.9 | 229 | 48.3 | 255 | 46.6 | 308 | 39.6 | 0.549 |
Employment (N=2154) | |||||||||||
Employed full or part-time | 59 | 64.8 | 167 | 64.2 | 331 | 69.7 | 370 | 67.8 | 391 | 50.0 | |
Unemployed or other (student, retired and carer) | 32 | 35.2 | 93 | 35.8 | 144 | 30.3 | 176 | 32.2 | 391 | 50.0 | 0.455 |
Money for basic needs (N=2158) | |||||||||||
Always | 41 | 45.1 | 135 | 52.1 | 254 | 53.5 | 313 | 57.3 | 371 | 47.1 | |
Mostly or sometimes | 35 | 38.5 | 102 | 39.4 | 193 | 40.6 | 196 | 35.9 | 345 | 43.8 | |
No | 15 | 16.5 | 22 | 8.5 | 28 | 5.9 | 37 | 6.8 | 71 | 9.0 | 0.012(T) |
Social support* (N=2170) | |||||||||||
Highest | 29 | 31.2 | 82 | 31.2 | 158 | 33.3 | 198 | 35.7 | 217 | 27.6 | |
Medium | 50 | 53.8 | 152 | 57.8 | 265 | 55.8 | 303 | 54.7 | 458 | 58.3 | |
Lowest | 14 | 15.1 | 29 | 11.0 | 52 | 10.9 | 53 | 9.6 | 110 | 14.0 | 0.467(T) |
Stable partner HIV serostatus (N=2189) | |||||||||||
No stable partner | 45 | 48.4 | 108 | 40.9 | 172 | 35.9 | 241 | 43.3 | 419 | 52.6 | |
HIV-positive stable partner | 15 | 16.1 | 41 | 15.5 | 253 | 52.8 | 80 | 14.4 | 121 | 15.2 | |
HIV-serodifferent status stable partner | 33 | 35.5 | 115 | 43.6 | 54 | 11.3 | 235 | 42.3 | 257 | 32.2 | <0.001 |
Recreational drug use in past 3 months (N=2189) | |||||||||||
No | 23 | 24.7 | 90 | 34.1 | 146 | 30.5 | 264 | 47.5 | 555 | 69.6 | |
Yes | 70 | 75.3 | 174 | 65.9 | 333 | 69.5 | 292 | 52.5 | 242 | 30.4 | <0.001 |
Polydrug use in past 3 months (N=2189) | |||||||||||
0–3 drugs | 68 | 73.1 | 192 | 72.7 | 320 | 66.8 | 496 | 89.2 | 767 | 96.2 | |
≥4 drugs | 25 | 26.9 | 72 | 27.3 | 159 | 33.2 | 60 | 10.8 | 30 | 3.8 | <0.001 |
Possible harmful/hazardous alcohol consumption† (N=2189) | |||||||||||
No | 67 | 72.0 | 211 | 79.9 | 406 | 84.8 | 466 | 83.8 | 673 | 84.4 | |
Yes | 26 | 28.0 | 53 | 20.1 | 73 | 15.2 | 90 | 16.2 | 124 | 15.6 | 0.014 |
ART status (N=2178) | |||||||||||
On ART | 35 | 38.0 | 263 | 100.0 | 395 | 82.6 | 472 | 85.2 | 723 | 91.4 | |
Not on ART | 57 | 62.0 | 0 | - | 83 | 17.4 | 82 | 14.8 | 68 | 8.6 | – |
Clinic-recorded viral load‡ (N=2175) | |||||||||||
>50 c/mL | 90 | 96.8 | 0 | - | 127 | 26.6 | 130 | 23.5 | 134 | 17.0 | – |
>200 c/mL | 72 | 77.4 | 0 | - | 107 | 22.4 | 103 | 18.7 | 104 | 13.2 |
p Values by χ2 test unless otherwise specified (analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis rank test (KW), χ2 test for linear trend (T)); CLS, condomless sex; CLS-D, CLS with HIV-serodifferent (HIV-negative or HIV-unknown status) partners; higher HIV risk CLS-D, CLS-D plus either not being on antiretroviral therapy (ART) or having latest clinic-recorded viral load >50 c/mL; CLS-C, CLS with HIV-seroconcordant (other HIV-positive) partners; p Values for ART status and viral load comparisons not shown as these differ by definition across groups of sexual behaviour in the past 3 months.
*Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire scores: 21–25, highest; 13–20, medium; and 0–12, lowest.
†Score≥6 on modified WHO AUDIT-C (first two questions only).
‡Latest value available to participant at the time of the questionnaire.
MSM, men who have sex with men