Demographics and sexual behaviours among 133 transgender individuals from the first visit attended between 2011 and 2014
| Characteristics | All N=133 (%) | Unreported n=28 (%) | MTF n=77 (%) | FTM n=28 (%) | p Value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age | 0.05† | ||||
| Range | 18–53 | 22–49 | 25–36 | 17–53 | |
| Median IQR | 30 [24–36] | 30 [27–38] | 31 [25–36] | 24 [22–35] | |
| Marital status‡ | 0.71§ | ||||
| Married/cohabiting | 10 (8) | 0 (0) | 7 (9) | 3 (11) | |
| Divorced/separated | 5 (4) | 1 (4) | 4 (5) | 0 (0) | |
| Single/never married | 99 (74) | 21 (75) | 58 (75) | 20 (71) | |
| Not reported | 19 (14) | 6 (21) | 8 (10) | 5 (18) | |
| Country of birth‡ | 0.002¶ | ||||
| Australia/New Zealand | 76 (57) | 13 (46) | 40 (52) | 23 (82) | |
| Thailand | 15 (11) | 3 (11) | 11 (14) | 1 (4) | |
| Malaysia | 12 (9) | 3 (11) | 9 (12) | 0 (0) | |
| Philippines | 4 (3) | 2 (7) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Other | 17 (13) | 4 (14) | 10 (13) | 3 (11) | |
| Not reported | 9 (7) | 3 (11) | 5 (6) | 1 (4) | |
| Sex work (current) | <0.001§ | ||||
| Yes | 60 (45) | 9 (32) | 32 (42) | 19 (68) | |
| No | 44 (33) | 13 (46) | 30 (39) | 1 (4) | |
| Not reported | 29 (22) | 6 (21) | 15 (19) | 8 (29) | |
| Sex work (ever) | <0.001§ | ||||
| Yes | 71 (53) | 10 (36) | 37 (48) | 24 (86) | |
| No | 62 (47) | 18 (64) | 40 (52) | 4 (14) | |
| Not reported** | – | – | – | – | |
| Ever had injecting drug use†† | 0.26§ | ||||
| Yes | 91 (68) | 19 (68) | 53 (69) | 19 (68) | |
| No | 8 (6) | 2 (7) | 5 (6) | 1 (4) | |
| Not reported | 34 (26) | 7 (25) | 19 (25) | 8 (29) | |
| Sex overseas in last 12 months†† | 45 (39) | 0.67§ | |||
| Yes | 76 (81) | 17 (85) | 44 (79) | 15 (83) | |
| No | 18 (19) | 3 (15) | 12 (21) | 3 (17) | |
| Not reported | 39 (29) | 8 (29) | 21 (27) | 10 (36) | |
| Attendance at clinic for sex work certificate | |||||
| Yes | 45 (38) | 11 (39) | 30 (39) | 4 (14) | |
| No | 88 (62) | 17 (61) | 47 (61) | 24 (86) | |
| Sexual behaviour | |||||
| Number of male sex partners in last 3 months | 0.77§ | ||||
| Range | 0–15 | 0–12 | 0–15 | 0–5 | |
| Median IQR | 1 [1–2] | 1 [0–1] | 2 [1–5] | 1 [1–2] | |
| Number of female sex partners in last 3 months | <0.001§ | ||||
| Range | 0–4 | 0–3 | 0–3 | 0–4 | |
| Median IQR | 2 [1–4] | 1 [1–3] | 2 [1–3] | 2 [0–4] | |
| Condom use with male sex partners in last 3 months‡‡ | 0.93§ | ||||
| Never | 21 (16) | 4 (14) | 12 (16) | 5 (18) | |
| Always or sometimes | 49 (37) | 12 (43) | 28 (36) | 9 (32) | |
| Not reported or not applicable | 63 (47) | 12 (43) | 37 (48) | 14 (50) | |
| Condom use with female sex partners in last 3 months‡‡ | 0.47§ | ||||
| Never | 5 (4) | 0 (0) | 3 (4) | 2 (7) | |
| Always or sometimes | 6 (4) | 1 (4) | 3 (4) | 2 (7) | |
| Not reported or not applicable§§ | 122 (92) | 27 (96) | 71 (92) | 24 (86) | |
| Hormone or surgery | |||||
| Hormones only | 55 (41) | 8 (29) | 37 (48) | 10 (36) | |
| Surgery only | 6 (5) | — | 6 (8) | – | |
| Hormones and surgery | 29 (22) | 1 (4) | 16 (21) | 13 (43) | |
| Nil reported | 43 (32) | 19 (68) | 18 (23) | 6 (21) | |
| STI testing | |||||
| Ever received a HIV test | |||||
| Yes | 102 (77) | 19 (68) | 64 (83) | 19 (68) | |
| No | 31 (23) | 9 (32) | 13 (17) | 9 (32) | 0.32¶ |
| HIV serostatus (past diagnosis) | 0.67§ | ||||
| Yes | 8 (6) | 0 (0) | 7 (9) | 1 (4) | |
| No | 125 (94) | 28 (100) | 21 (91) | 27 (96) | |
| HIV/STI positivity on the day of first consultation*** | |||||
| HIV | |||||
| Positive | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00 |
| Negative | 102 | 19 | 34 | 19 | |
| Not tested | 30 | 9 | 40 | 9 | |
| Chlamydia | |||||
| Positive | 8 (7%) | 2 (9%) | 4 (6%) | 2 (8%) | 0.65 |
| Negative | 107 | 21 | 64 | 22 | |
| Not tested | 18 | 5 | 9 | 4 | |
| Gonorrhoea | |||||
| Positive | 6 (5%) | 1 (4%) | 3 (4%) | 2 (9%) | 0.59§ |
| Negative | 107 | 22 | 65 | 20 | |
| Not tested | 20 | 5 | 9 | 6 | |
| Syphilis | |||||
| Positive | 5 (5%) | 2 (9%) | 3 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 0.56§ |
| Negative | 102 | 19 | 34 | 19 | |
| Not tested | 16 | 7 | 40 | 9 | |
*p Values are calculated for MTF and FTM comparisons only.
†Mann-Whitney U test.
‡Calculated by married versus not married/Australian-born versus overseas-born.
§Fischer’s exact test.
**Only recorded as yes or no in CASI; therefore, unable to show not reported.
††Less than 10% have missing data for some variables; proportions are calculated using available data.
‡‡Condom use was limited to individuals who reported a sexual partner in the last 3 months.
§§Reported as per CASI responses.
***Positivity is calculated from the number of positive tests divided by the number of total number of tests taken per STI.
CASI, computer assisted self interview; MTF, male-to-female; FTM, female-to-male.