Characteristics of included and excluded studies
| Characteristic | Included records | Excluded records | ||
| n=63* | (%) | n=113 | (%) | |
| Population | ||||
| General population | 6 | 9.5 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Community | 5 | 7.9 | 8 | 7.1 |
| Clinic based or mixed | 37 | 58.7 | 65 | 57.5 |
| Female commercial sex workers | 5 | 7.9 | 11 | 9.7 |
| Men who have sex with men | 8 | 12.7 | 6 | 5.3 |
| Pregnant women | 4 | 6.3 | 9 | 8.0 |
| Other | 0 | 0.0 | 6 | 5.3 |
| Unclear/not reported | 0 | 0.0 | 8 | 7.1 |
| Human Development Index of country | ||||
| Very high | 44 | 69.8 | 65 | 57.5 |
| High | 6 | 9.5 | 25 | 22.1 |
| Medium | 7 | 11.1 | 7 | 6.2 |
| Low | 5 | 7.9 | 9 | 8.0 |
| Multiple countries | 1 | 1.6 | 2 | 1.8 |
| Unclear | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 4.4 |
| Sex | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Women and men | 25 | 39.7 | 18 | 15.9 |
| Women only | 23 | 36.5 | 61 | 54.0 |
| Men only | 15 | 23.8 | 33 | 29.2 |
| Unclear | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.9 |
| Sample size | ||||
| <500 | 0 | 0.0 | 113 | 100.0 |
| 500–1000 | 37 | 58.7 | NA | NA |
| 1001–2000 | 13 | 20.6 | NA | NA |
| 2001–3000 | 4 | 6.3 | NA | NA |
| 3001–4000 | 2 | 3.2 | NA | NA |
| 4001–5000 | 2 | 3.2 | NA | NA |
| 5001–10 000 | 4 | 6.3 | NA | NA |
| >10 000 | 1 | 1.6 | NA | NA |
| Publication year | ||||
| Before 2000 | 0 | 0.0 | 8 | 7.1 |
| 2001–2004 | 5 | 7.9 | 2 | 1.8 |
| 2005–2008 | 13 | 20.6 | 17 | 15.0 |
| 2009–2012 | 23 | 36.5 | 34 | 30.1 |
| 2013–2016 | 22 | 34.9 | 52 | 46.0 |
| Percent positive tests | ||||
| Median %, (range) | 8.1 (0.3–26.3) | 8.0 (0.0–63.4) | ||
*Three records report on more than one study population: Netherlands 1 and Netherlands 2, Germany 2 and Germany 3, Honduras 3 and Guatemala 1.
NA, not applicable.