Table 1

Study characteristics and rectal chlamydia positivity of all included studies (n=14)

Study	Country of study	Study design	Study population tested	Age range (years)	Data collection period	Women tested (n)	Rectal chlamydia positivity in women (n)
Bachmann et al 7	USA	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	16–44	July 2003–February 2007	99	34.3% (34)
Bazan et al 8	USA	Observational cohort	Sexual health clinic-attending population	16–66	August 2012–June 2013	341	13.5% (46)
Cosentino et al 26	USA	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	18–64	May 2009–March 2010	272	7.7% (21)
Ding and Challenor9	UK	Cross-sectional	Urogenital chlamydia-positive, sexual health clinic-attending population	16–53	April 2012–June 2013	97	77.3% (75)
Garner et al 29	UK	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	16–66	March 2010–May 2010	91	6.6% (6)
Gratrix et al 17	Canada	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	14–70*	July 2012–December 2012	3054*	4.3% (132)
Hunte et al 27	USA	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	17–46	May 2007–August 2008	97	17.5% (17)
Mayer et al 30	USA	Observational cohort	HIV-positive population attending a sexual health clinic	21–69	March 2004–June 2006	119	1.7% (2)
Musil et al 33	Australia	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	15–54	November 2013–June 2014	56	57.1% (32)
Ostergaard et al 34	Denmark	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	18–53	December 1995–July 1996	196	5.6% (11)
Rodriguez-Hart et al 31	USA	Cross-sectional	Adult film industry performers	18–42	May 2010–September 2010	112	3.6% (4)
Sethupathi et al 32	UK	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	15–62	September 2006–August 2008	159	12.6% (20)
van Liere et al 16	The Netherlands	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	18–99†	May 2012–July 2013	654	8.4% (55)
van Rooijen et al 28	The Netherlands	Cross-sectional	Sexual health clinic-attending population	15–99†	January 2011–July 2012	1656	9.3% (154)

*One woman was excluded from the number tested because she was less than 15 years old; she tested negative for rectal chlamydia. Reported number of women tested is 3055.
†No maximum age provided.