Risk factors associated with oropharyngeal gonorrhoea positivity among 3677 men who have sex with men
| Risk factors | Number of individuals | Oropharyngeal gonorrhoea positive n (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Number of kissing-only partners in the last 3 months | <0.001* | 0.029* | ||||
| 0–1 | 1634 | 73 (4.5%) | 1 (Ref) | – | 1 (Ref) | – |
| 2–3 | 747 | 44 (5.9%) | 1.34 (0.91 to 1.97) | – | 1.30 (0.87 to 1.95) | – |
| ≥4 | 1296 | 112 (8.6%) | 2.02 (1.49 to 2.74) | – | 1.46 (1.04 to 2.06) | – |
| Number of sex-only partners in the last 3 months | 0.068* | 0.541* | ||||
| 0–1 | 2776 | 159 (5.7%) | 1 (Ref) | – | 1 (Ref) | – |
| 2–3 | 506 | 38 (7.5%) | 1.33 (0.92 to 1.92) | – | 1.39 (0.95 to 2.02) | – |
| ≥4 | 395 | 32 (8.1%) | 1.44 (0.97 to 2.14) | – | 1.14 (0.75 to 1.73) | – |
| Number of kissing-with-sex partners in the last 3 months | <0.001* | 0.008* | ||||
| 0–1 | 849 | 32 (3.8%) | 1 (Ref) | – | 1 (Ref) | – |
| 2–3 | 1243 | 63 (5.1%) | 1.36 (0.88 to 2.10) | – | 1.14 (0.72 to 1.79) | – |
| ≥4 | 1585 | 134 (8.5%) | 2.36 (1.59 to 3.50) | – | 1.81 (1.17 to 2.79) | – |
| Age (years) | 0.041* | 0.076* | ||||
| 16–24 | 805 | 56 (7.0%) | 1.63 (1.99 to 2.70) | – | 1.55 (0.91 to 2.61) | – |
| 25–34 | 1706 | 113 (6.6%) | 1.55 (0.97 to 2.46) | – | 1.47 (0.91 to 2.39) | – |
| 35–44 | 667 | 38 (5.7%) | 1.32 (0.77 to 2.26) | – | 1.25 (0.72 to 2.16) | – |
| ≥45 | 499 | 22 (4.4%) | 1 (Ref) | – | 1 | – |
| HIV status | ||||||
| Negative | 3585 | 217 (6.1%) | 1 (Ref) | – | 1 (Ref) | – |
| Positive | 92 | 12 (13.0%) | 2.32 (1.25 to 4.32) | 0.008 | 1.86 (0.96 to 3.58) | 0.064 |
| Known gonorrhoea contact | ||||||
| No | 3536 | 196 (5.5%) | 1 (Ref) | – | 1 (Ref) | – |
| Yes | 141 | 33 (23.4%) | 5.20 (3.43 to 7.89) | <0.001 | 4.67 (3.05 to 7.16) | <0.001 |
| Country of birth | ||||||
| Australia | 2098 | 131 (6.2%) | 1 (Ref) | – | – | – |
| Overseas | 1409 | 89 (6.3%) | 1.01 (0.77 to 1.33) | 0.932 | – | – |
| Unknown | 170 | 9 (5.3%) | 0.84 (0.42 to 1.67) | 0.612 | – | – |
| Sexual orientation† | ||||||
| Bisexual | 342 | 17 (5.0%) | 1 (Ref) | – | – | – |
| Gay | 3335 | 212 (6.4%) | 1.29 (0.78 to 2.14) | 0.325 | – | – |
*P for trend for categorical variables.
†Sexual orientation was categorised as gay (only had sex with men) or bisexual (had sex with both men and women). This categorisation was not based on self-identity.
OR, odds ratio.