Univariate and multivariable analyses for factors associated with sexualised drug use in the past 12 months
| Univariate | Adjusted model | ||||||||
| MSM not engaged in sexualised drug use (n=978) | MSM engaged in sexualised drug use (n=670) | OddsRatio (95% CI) | adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | ||||||
| n or mean | % or SD | n or mean | % or SD | Row % | |||||
| Sexuality | |||||||||
| Homosexual | 824 | 84% | 587 | 88% | 42 | Ref | |||
| Bisexual | 108 | 11% | 44 | 7% | 29 | 0.57 (0.40 to 0.83)** | |||
| Queer | 24 | 2% | 26 | 4% | 52 | 1.52 (0.86 to 2.68) | |||
| Age group | |||||||||
| 18–24 | 359 | 37% | 174 | 26% | 33 | Ref | Ref | ||
| 25–34 | 403 | 41% | 240 | 36% | 37 | 1.23 (0.97 to 1.56) | 1.08 (0.81 to 1.44) | ||
| 35–49 | 171 | 17% | 186 | 28% | 52 | 2.24 (1.70 to 2.96)*** | 2.51 (1.81 to 3.50)*** | ||
| ≥50 | 44 | 4% | 68 | 10% | 61 | 3.19 (2.10 to 4.85)*** | 4.00 (2.43 to 6.59)*** | ||
| Ethnicity | |||||||||
| White | 934 | 96% | 637 | 95% | 41 | Ref | |||
| Person of colour | 42 | 4% | 32 | 5% | 43 | 1.12 (0.70 to 1.79) | |||
| Country of birth | |||||||||
| UK | 855 | 87% | 577 | 86% | 40 | Ref | |||
| Not UK | 106 | 11% | 76 | 11% | 42 | 1.06 (0.78 to 1.45) | |||
| Education | |||||||||
| University or higher | 578 | 59% | 401 | 60% | 41 | Ref | |||
| Qualifications at 18 | 290 | 30% | 176 | 26% | 38 | 0.88 (0.70 to 1.10) | |||
| Qualifications at 16 or lower | 87 | 9% | 75 | 11% | 46 | 1.24 (0.89 to 1.74) | |||
| Work status | |||||||||
| Full time | 615 | 63% | 426 | 64% | 41 | Ref | |||
| Part-time | 69 | 7% | 44 | 7% | 39 | 0.92 (0.62 to 1.37) | |||
| Student | 185 | 19% | 79 | 12% | 30 | 0.62 (0.46 to 0.83)** | |||
| Unemployed | 35 | 4% | 24 | 4% | 41 | 0.99 (0.58 to 1.69) | |||
| Other (sick leave, retired, carer) | 70 | 7% | 91 | 14% | 57 | 1.88 (1.34 to 2.62)*** | |||
| Relationship status | |||||||||
| Living with partner | 355 | 36% | 232 | 35% | 40 | Ref | |||
| Relationship not living with partner | 197 | 20% | 120 | 18% | 38 | 0.93 (0.70 to 1.23) | |||
| Relationship with multiple | 17 | 2% | 18 | 3% | 51 | 1.62 (0.82 to 3.21) | |||
| Single | 408 | 42% | 299 | 45% | 42 | 1.12 (0.90 to 1.40) | |||
| Population density per hectare | |||||||||
| <5 | 225 | 23% | 136 | 20% | 38 | Ref | |||
| 5–20 | 219 | 22% | 127 | 19% | 37 | 0.96 (0.71 to 1.30) | |||
| 20–41 | 233 | 24% | 166 | 25% | 42 | 1.18 (0.88 to 1.58) | |||
| >41 | 287 | 29% | 236 | 35% | 45 | 1.36 (1.04 to 1.79)* | |||
| Internalised homophobia | |||||||||
| Low | 616 | 63% | 444 | 66% | 42 | Ref | |||
| High | 354 | 36% | 213 | 32% | 38 | 0.84 (0.68 to 1.03) | |||
| Discrimination sexuality | |||||||||
| None | 534 | 55% | 340 | 51% | 39 | Ref | |||
| Any setting | 414 | 42% | 297 | 44% | 42 | 1.13 (0.92 to 1.38) | |||
| Perceived health | |||||||||
| Fair/good/very good | 877 | 90% | 580 | 87% | 40 | Ref | |||
| Very poor/poor | 101 | 10% | 90 | 13% | 47 | 1.35 (1.00 to 1.82) | |||
| Psychological distress | |||||||||
| Normal | 206 | 21% | 153 | 23% | 43 | Ref | |||
| Moderate | 220 | 22% | 154 | 23% | 41 | 0.94 (0.70 to 1.26) | |||
| High | 267 | 27% | 152 | 23% | 36 | 0.77 (0.57 to 1.02) | |||
| Very high | 275 | 28% | 203 | 30% | 42 | 0.99 (0.75 to 1.31) | |||
| Diagnosed STI in the past 12 months | |||||||||
| None | 903 | 92% | 511 | 76% | 36 | Ref | Ref | ||
| STI diagnosis | 42 | 4% | 135 | 20% | 76 | 5.68 (3.95 to 8.17)*** | 2.44 (1.58 to 3.76)*** | ||
| Not stated | 33 | 3% | 24 | 4% | 42 | 1.29 (0.75 to 2.20) | 1.45 (0.77 to 2.71) | ||
| Attended genitourinary medicine in the past 12 months | |||||||||
| No | 594 | 61% | 199 | 30% | 25 | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 368 | 38% | 457 | 68% | 55 | 3.71 (3.00 to 4.58)*** | 2.46 (1.90 to 3.20)*** | ||
| Not sure | 9 | 1% | 9 | 1% | 50 | 2.99 (1.17 to 7.62)* | 3.61 (1.15 to 11.34)* | ||
| Number of men anal intercourse in the past 12 months | |||||||||
| 0–1 | 622 | 63% | 182 | 27% | 23 | Ref | |||
| 2–5 | 261 | 27% | 190 | 28% | 42 | 2.49 (1.94 to 3.19)*** | |||
| 6–10 | 52 | 5% | 126 | 19% | 71 | 8.28 (5.76 to 11.90)*** | |||
| >10 | 40 | 4% | 171 | 26% | 81 | 14.61 (9.97 to 21.40)*** | |||
| Number of men without condom anal intercourse in the past 12 months | |||||||||
| 0–1 | 811 | 83% | 362 | 54% | 31 | Ref | Ref | ||
| 2–5 | 137 | 14% | 170 | 25% | 55 | 2.79 (2.16 to 3.60)*** | 1.77 (1.31 to 2.40)*** | ||
| 6–10 | 17 | 2% | 63 | 9% | 79 | 8.33 (4.80 to 14.43)*** | 4.31 (2.38 to 7.80)*** | ||
| >10 | 7 | 1% | 74 | 11% | 91 | 23.75 (10.83 to 52.06)*** | 8.42 (3.67 to 19.29)*** | ||
| Sexual contact without consent in the past 12 months | |||||||||
| No | 925 | 95% | 595 | 89% | 39 | Ref | |||
| Yes | 37 | 4% | 41 | 6% | 53 | 1.72 (1.09 to 2.72)* | |||
| Unsure | 12 | 1% | 24 | 4% | 67 | 3.11 (1.54 to 6.26)** | |||
| HIV status | |||||||||
| Negative | 807 | 83% | 496 | 74% | 38 | Ref | |||
| Negative, on PrEP | 28 | 3% | 71 | 11% | 72 | 4.12 (2.63 to 6.48)*** | |||
| Positive | 19 | 2% | 55 | 8% | 74 | 4.71 (2.76 to 8.03)*** | |||
| Don’t know | 124 | 13% | 48 | 7% | 28 | 0.63 (0.44 to 0.90)* | |||
| Sexual self-efficacy | |||||||||
| High | 934 | 96% | 615 | 92% | 40 | Ref | |||
| Low | 34 | 3% | 44 | 7% | 56 | 2.03 (1.28 to 3.22)** | |||
| Taken image or performance-enhancing drugs in the past 12 months? | |||||||||
| No | 959 | 98% | 629 | 94% | 40 | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 19 | 2% | 36 | 5% | 65 | 2.89 (1.64 to 5.08)*** | 3.82 (1.87 to 7.82)*** | ||
| Body satisfaction | 42.0 | 11.8 | 41.3 | 12.7 | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) | ||||
| Loneliness score | 5.5 | 1.8 | 5.5 | 1.8 | 1.01 (0.96 to 1.07) | ||||
| Satisfaction with life | 20.6 | 7.1 | 19.6 | 7.6 | 0.98 (0.97 to 1.00)** | 0.97 (0.95 to 0.99)*** | |||
| Sexual satisfaction | 40.6 | 9.2 | 42.5 | 8.7 | 1.02 (1.01 to 1.04)*** | 1.03 (1.01 to 1.04)*** | |||
*P<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
MSM, men who have sex with men; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis; Ref, reference.