Table 1

Included studies (n=18), ordered according to outcomes reported

Study identifierStudy populationStudy designReview topics
Great Britain 25 Female students aged ≤27 years; universities and further education colleges, London, Great BritainCohort studyIncidence, persistence, PID
Kenya 226 Female sex workers aged 18–35 years; Kariobangi Nairobi City Council, Nairobi, KenyaCohort studyIncidence, persistence
Kenya 328 Female sex workers, median age 35.3 years; municipal STI clinic Mombasa, KenyaCohort studyIncidence, persistence
Uganda 127 Female sex workers aged 18–40 years; red light areas within southern Kampala, UgandaCohort studyIncidence, persistence
Australia 329 Young women aged 16–25 years; primary health clinics in Melbourne, AustraliaCohort studyIncidence
USA/Kenya 130 High-risk women aged 18–45 years; research clinics in Mombasa and Nairobi, Kenya and Birmingham, USACohort studyIncidence
USA 731 Women aged 14–17 years and their partners; urban primary healthcare centres, Indianapolis, USACohort study, cross-sectional sampling of couplesPersistence, concordance
Great Britain 834 Women and their partners; STI clinic, St. Mary's Hospital, London, Great BritainCross-sectionalConcordance
Great Britain 933 Men and their partners; STI clinic, St. Mary's Hospital, London, Great BritainCross-sectionalConcordance
Peru 135 Couples, men aged 19–60 years, women aged 18–55 years; two STI clinics, Lima, PeruCross-sectionalConcordance
USA 832 Mexican-American and African-American women with non-viral STI aged 14–45 years and their male partners; San Antonio Metropolitan Health District STI Clinic, USACross-sectionalConcordance
Sweden 236 Men aged 16–67 years and their partners; Örebrö University Hospital STI clinic, SwedenIndex cases and sexual partnersConcordance
Sweden 537 Women aged 14–55 years and men aged 17–67 years and their partners; STI clinic, Falun, SwedenIndex cases and sexual partnersConcordance
Sweden 1138 Women aged 15–54 years and their partners; Örebrö University Hospital STI clinic, SwedenIndex cases and sexual partnersConcordance
Sweden 1239 Male patients with symptomatic recurrent and/or persistent urethritis aged 20–47 years and their partners; STI clinic, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, SwedenIndex cases and sexual partnersConcordance
Australia 640 Partners of index cases with M. genitalium, median age of female heterosexual partners 26 years; male heterosexual partners 28 years; MSM partners 29 years; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, AustraliaIndex cases and sexual partnersConcordance
Sweden 1041 Women after medical or surgical termination of pregnancy aged 17–40 years; gynaecological outpatient department Malmö University Hospital, SwedenNested case–control studyPID*
USA 642 Women after treatment and cure of PID aged 14–37 years; multiple clinical sites in the USACohort studyPID†

  • *Post-abortion upper genital tract infection.

  • †Endometritis considered as confirmed PID.

  • MSM, men who have sex with men; PID, pelvic inflammatory disease; STI, sexually transmitted infection.