Table 1

City profiles and individual-level multivariable logistic regression (40 cities across 28 countries)

CityRespondentsAge (years)Diagnosed HIVCurrent PrEP use*>10 sexual partnersScreened for STIsDisclosure of same sex sexual contactsBlood testGenital testInspectionAnal swab
<25>40
N%%%%%%%%AOR (95% CI)%AOR (95% CI)%AOR (95% CI)%AOR (95% CI)
Amsterdam 7865.263.419.97.845.457.991.897.81.01 (0.84 to 1.22)92.80.87 (0.72 to 1.04)21.31.14 (0.91 to 1.44)86.31.24 (1.04 to 1.49)
Athens 141314.931.114.20.832.336.457.093.00.42 (0.36 to 0.49)38.30.11 (0.10 to 0.13)14.80.69 (0.55 to 0.86)8.60.04 (0.03 to 0.05)
Barcelona 157113.934.618.94.344.050.079.594.00.75 (0.65 to 0.87)68.20.39 (0.34 to 0.45)16.50.80 (0.66 to 0.97)41.40.26 (0.22 to 0.30)
Belgrade 43719.022.08.50.521.518.847.787.30.17 (0.13 to 0.22)36.70.06 (0.05 to 0.09)13.90.36 (0.22 to 0.59)8.90.03 (0.02 to 0.05)
Berlin 31908.345.819.74.740.445.590.095.10.57 (0.51 to 0.65)68.40.31 (0.28 to 0.35)22.61.07 (0.92 to 1.25)47.00.27 (0.24 to 0.31)
Birmingham 25620.737.110.23.927.049.689.793.60.75 (0.57 to 0.99)96.00.76 (0.58 to 1.01)20.01.28 (0.87 to 1.88)77.60.81 (0.61 to 1.07)
Brussels 7247.646.314.57.647.855.176.896.70.79 (0.66 to 0.96)68.50.36 (0.30 to 0.44)8.70.36 (0.26 to 0.50)36.70.19 (0.15 to 0.23)
Bucharest 62828.818.98.80.325.742.329.189.80.48 (0.39 to 0.58)42.60.16 (0.13 to 0.20)4.30.22 (0.13 to 0.37)5.90.03 (0.02 to 0.04)
Budapest 108618.825.07.00.426.533.261.892.40.40 (0.34 to 0.47)38.60.13 (0.11 to 0.16)12.60.65 (0.50 to 0.85)15.50.08 (0.06 to 0.10)
Cologne 84810.447.817.63.435.743.787.293.60.53 (0.45 to 0.64)55.70.23 (0.19 to 0.27)12.90.53 (0.40 to 0.71)24.90.12 (0.10 to 0.16)
Copenhagen 6899.948.217.13.838.242.988.596.20.60 (0.50 to 0.72)69.40.37 (0.31 to 0.45)24.31.41 (1.11 to 1.78)54.90.42 (0.35 to 0.51)
Dublin 91016.927.88.45.031.252.993.296.60.92 (0.77 to 1.08)95.80.89 (0.75 to 1.05)30.71.99 (1.62 to 2.44)81.71.03 (0.87 to 1.21)
Hamburg 9698.548.314.42.331.839.386.594.80.44 (0.37 to 0.52)65.50.23 (0.20 to 0.28)12.60.51 (0.38 to 0.68)46.30.24 (0.20 to 0.29)
Helsinki 4989.245.08.30.829.535.067.594.10.41 (0.33 to 0.51)90.60.39 (0.31 to 0.48)32.41.54 (1.17 to 2.03)54.10.32 (0.25 to 0.40)
Istanbul 85828.216.112.81.238.431.335.694.60.25 (0.21 to 0.30)49.60.1 (0.08 to 0.12)9.70.28 (0.19 to 0.40)10.50.03 (0.02 to 0.04)
Kiev 47131.814.915.30.424.947.445.282.60.54 (0.43 to 0.67)36.20.16 (0.12 to 0.2)12.80.65 (0.45 to 0.94)10.10.05 (0.03 to 0.07)
Lisbon 87314.933.617.62.540.546.573.790.10.54 (0.46 to 0.65)56.10.25 (0.21 to 0.3)9.20.45 (0.34 to 0.61)21.70.11 (0.09 to 0.14)
Ljubljana 26918.226.47.51.919.747.580.395.20.75 (0.57 to 0.99)33.30.14 (0.10 to 0.20)7.10.48 (0.28 to 0.84)48.40.40 (0.29 to 0.54)
London 262710.046.114.713.140.459.193.996.11.00 (Ref.)96.01.00 (Ref.)18.21.00 (Ref.)79.51.00 (Ref)
Lyon 51622.336.210.99.051.752.873.995.90.85 (0.68 to 1.06)71.50.44 (0.35 to 0.54)13.50.80 (0.59 to 1.07)39.00.24 (0.19 to 0.30)
Madrid 230418.528.114.01.238.645.267.396.20.70 (0.61 to 0.79)54.60.25 (0.22 to 0.29)11.30.62 (0.51 to 0.75)21.20.11 (0.10 to 0.13)
Manchester 39818.634.212.88.634.250.191.292.80.83 (0.65 to 1.05)93.80.84 (0.66 to 1.07)20.51.47 (1.10 to 1.97)72.30.81 (0.64 to 1.02)
Milan 111710.943.312.31.138.541.571.394.70.49 (0.42 to 0.57)36.50.12 (0.10 to 0.14)7.10.31 (0.23 to 0.43)12.90.05 (0.04 to 0.07)
Moscow 203120.315.618.21.029.444.520.888.10.61 (0.54 to 0.70)61.30.32 (0.28 to 0.36)16.20.78 (0.65 to 0.95)18.00.08 (0.06 to 0.09)
Munich 10059.144.213.02.533.341.984.592.60.45 (0.38 to 0.53)59.60.23 (0.19 to 0.27)18.10.76 (0.60 to 0.98)42.20.22 (0.18 to 0.26)
Oslo 104416.236.77.08.225.550.693.193.20.87 (0.74 to 1.02)89.10.76 (0.64 to 0.89)8.10.51 (0.39 to 0.67)73.10.84 (0.71 to 0.99)
Paris 228410.648.216.311.352.655.969.895.60.77 (0.67 to 0.87)76.20.42 (0.37 to 0.48)11.60.48 (0.40 to 0.58)43.80.24 (0.21 to 0.27)
Porto 27921.126.914.41.432.641.563.890.90.40 (0.30 to 0.53)58.20.19 (0.14 to 0.26)5.50.22 (0.11 to 0.45)14.50.04 (0.03 to 0.08)
Prague 80718.121.910.90.525.439.283.098.40.53 (0.44 to 0.63)59.90.24 (0.20 to 0.29)12.20.58 (0.43 to 0.79)28.00.16 (0.13 to 0.20)
Riga 16313.527.013.00.021.544.134.988.70.58 (0.41 to 0.82)53.50.25 (0.18 to 0.37)8.50.43 (0.21 to 0.90)8.50.04 (0.02 to 0.09)
Rome 10209.347.512.80.437.635.366.493.70.36 (0.31 to 0.43)43.00.12 (0.10 to 0.15)9.70.34 (0.25 to 0.47)26.50.10 (0.08 to 0.13)
Sofia 62921.915.47.81.024.831.525.390.10.38 (0.31 to 0.46)38.00.14 (0.11 to 0.17)7.80.37 (0.24 to 0.55)6.80.03 (0.02 to 0.05)
St. Petersburg 96425.814.315.00.224.840.424.585.10.56 (0.47 to 0.66)67.30.37 (0.32 to 0.44)19.91.08 (0.86 to 1.37)19.90.09 (0.07 to 0.11)
Stockholm 12636.259.89.71.423.643.488.994.50.66 (0.56 to 0.76)91.90.61 (0.52 to 0.71)24.81.41 (1.15 to 1.73)73.30.73 (0.63 to 0.85)
Tallinn 12616.729.44.00.019.032.218.879.50.31 (0.21 to 0.47)74.40.27 (0.18 to 0.41)10.30.50 (0.22 to 1.14)15.40.06 (0.03 to 0.14)
Turin 34014.445.011.90.334.436.880.993.40.38 (0.29 to 0.49)71.90.26 (0.20 to 0.33)29.81.17 (0.83 to 1.66)51.20.28 (0.21 to 0.37)
Valencia 42223.029.411.21.734.038.565.796.80.54 (0.43 to 0.68)42.90.15 (0.12 to 0.20)15.40.65 (0.44 to 0.96)18.60.09 (0.06 to 0.13)
Vienna 112015.135.010.13.431.738.579.694.20.46 (0.39 to 0.54)58.90.23 (0.19 to 0.27)16.40.76 (0.60 to 0.97)30.40.15 (0.12 to 0.18)
Warsaw 93919.217.112.81.029.837.358.796.20.45 (0.38 to 0.53)37.80.11 (0.09 to 0.13)3.80.18 (0.11 to 0.28)7.90.03 (0.02 to 0.04)
Zurich 5655.349.914.77.342.148.589.893.30.66 (0.53 to 0.81)77.50.42 (0.34 to 0.52)16.10.69 (0.51 to 0.94)47.90.32 (0.26 to 0.40)
  • The denominator for proportions of MSM with disclosure of same sex sexual contacts, and for the proportions of MSM receiving any of the four diagnostic procedures is the number of MSM screened for STIs in the previous 12 months in the respective city. The AOR refers to all MSM in the respective city.

  • *PrEP use includes daily and on-demand use.

  • AOR, adjusted Odds Ratio; MSM, men who have sex with men; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis.