Anxiety and distress at 6 months and 12 months by baseline screening result group
| Control* | HPV positive, normal | HPV positive, abnormal | HPV persistent | ||||
| M (SD)† | M (SD)† | MD (95% CI)‡ | M (SD)† | MD (95% CI)‡ | M (SD)† | MD (95% CI)‡ | |
| STAI score (mean; SD) | |||||||
| Baseline (n=1009) | 34.2 (12.3) | 38.3 (14.3) | NR | 42.2 (15.0) | NR | 36.8 (13.1) | NR |
| 6 months (n=694) | 36.1 (12.4) | 38.6 (12.3) | 1.88 (−0.7 to 4.5) | 38.9 (12.7) | 1.03 (−2.1 to 4.2) | 35.1 (12.0) | −0.4 (−3.2 to 2.4) |
| 12 months (n=493) | 37.0 (12.1) | 36.0 (13.6) | −0.04 (−2.8 to 2.7) | 37.0 (11.7) | −0.1 (−4.0 to 3.9) | 36.6 (11.8) | 0.3 (−3.0 to 3.7) |
| GHQ score (mean; SD) | |||||||
| Baseline (n=1118) | 2.1 (3.2) | 2.8 (3.6) | NR | 3.3 (3.8) | NR | 2.45 (3.2) | NR |
| 6 months (n=756) | 2.4 (3.6) | 2.4 (3.3) | 0.12 (−0.58 to 0.83) | 2.6 (3.5) | −0.06 (−0.87 to 0.76) | 2.43 (3.6) | −0.20 (−0.94 to 0.53) |
| 12 months (n=535) | 2.2 (3.0) | 2.1 (3.3) | 0.11 (−0.57 to 0.78) | 1.9 (3.1) | −0.12 (−0.96 to 0.72) | 2.40 (3.1) | 0.20 (−0.61 to 1.01) |
NR means not reported in this paper, see baseline analyses.10
*Includes women not tested for HPV, HPV negative, HPV cleared.
†Observed mean (M) and SD.
‡Mean difference (MD) and 95% CI compared with the control group using mixed-effects regression models, weighted and fully adjusted for age, marital status, ethnicity, Index of Multiple Deprivation, education, number of previous screens and NHS site.
GHQ, General Health Questionnaire; HPV, human papillomavirus; NHS, National Health Service; STAI, State Anxiety Inventory.