Univariable determinants of incident HCV infection among individuals enrolled in the Dutch national PrEP programme between July 2019 and December 2022
| Total (n=9851) | |||
| IRR* | 95% CI | P value | |
| Age per 10 years, continuous | 1.19 | 0.98 to 1.44 | 0.08 |
| Key population | |||
| MSM | Ref | 0.81 | |
| Transgender | 0.79 | 0.11 to 5.68 | |
| Region of origin | |||
| Dutch | Ref | 0.45 | |
| Non-Dutch | 1.22 | 0.73 to 2.05 | |
| Educational level | |||
| At least college degree | Ref | 0.22 | |
| Less than college degree | 0.68 | 0.37 to 1.26 | |
| PrEP regimen12M | |||
| Daily | Ref | 0.34 | |
| Event driven | 0.79 | 0.48 to 1.31 | |
| Missing | † | ||
| Number of sex partners per ln(n+1) increase6M | 0.95 | 0.74 to 1.23 | 0.69 |
| Receptive CAS6M | 2.59 | 1.12 to 6.02 | 0.03 |
| Reporting chemsex‡6M | 1.78 | 1.06 to 2.98 | 0.03 |
| Reporting sex work6M | § | ||
| STI diagnosis¶ | 2.30 | 1.23 to 4.31 | 0.01 |
| IDU6M | 6.15 | 2.20 to 17.18 | <0.01 |
*Indicates the relative increase or decrease in IR for each socioeconomic characteristic or sexual behaviour when present at visit.
†No incident HCV infections were among those whose PrEP regimen was missing at any visit.
‡Defined as the use of methamphetamine, GHB/GBL and/or mephedrone before or during sex.
§Sex work was excluded because all incident infections were among those who did not report sex work.
¶Diagnosed with an anal chlamydia/gonorrhoea or a syphilis infection at visit.
CAS, condomless anal sex; CI, confidence interval; GBL, γ-butyroactone; GHB, γ-hydroxybutyric acid; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IDU, injecting drug use; IR, incidence rate; IRR, incidence rate ratio; ln, natural log; 6M, during the previous 6 months; 12M, during the previous 12 months; MSM, men who have sex with men; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis; Ref, reference category; STI, sexually transmitted infection.