Kidneys from 55 cases (20 with HIV infection and 35 with AIDS) were studied by routine Haematoxylin and Eosin stains and special stains (PAS, PASM GMS, ZN, Mucicarmine and Congo red) to evaluate, glomerular, interstitial and vascular pathology. Twenty-four of the 35 (68.6%) cases of AIDS showed infective aetiology which included 17 cases (48.5%) of tuberculosis, 5 cases (14.4%) of fungal infection (3 cryptococcus neoformans and 2 candida species) and 2 cases (5.7%) of CMV infection. Other lesions noted were amyloidosis and tubular calcinosis. HIV associated nephropathy (HIVAN) was not detected in any of the cases. Intravenous drug abuse was not a risk factor in our cases which probably explains the absence of HIV associated nephropathy in the present study.