The efficacy of itraconazole in the treatment of vaginal candidosis and the effect of treatment of the sexual partner were evaluated. Women received 100 mg of itraconazole daily for five days. The sexual partners of one-half of the women were treated with the same dosage of itraconazole; the other men received placebo. Study design was double blind. Sexual relations were discontinued during treatment. On day 0 and day 30 after initiation of treatment, laboratory values were determined. At 30 days, 14% of the women whose sexual partners had received placebo and none of those whose sexual partners had received itraconazole had relapsed. These differences, however, were not statistically significant.