A clinical and serological survey of endemic syphilis was carried out during March 1986 in a sahelian area of North Burkina Faso. Differences were found in the prevalence rate of clinical lesions and serological positivities between the children of different ethnic groups. For all the survey, 7.5% of the 5-14 years old children had clinical lesions and 22% had antibodies against Treponema. These rates were 3% and 41% among the adults. The results of this survey were strikingly near of those of a survey carried out 5 years before in the same area. Endemic syphilis appeared highly stable.