The rubber condom provides an effective barrier against most major sexually transmissible diseases (STDs) including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. While condom use is not yet routine in general populations, we are already reaping the benefits of condom promotion among self-perceived high-risk sections of the community in the form of improved STD control. This article discusses the various types and patterns of use of condoms, as well as their effectiveness at both an individual and population level.